Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China.
Department of Oncology, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University&Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, China.
J Mater Chem B. 2023 Jun 7;11(22):4958-4971. doi: 10.1039/d3tb00029j.
Ferroptosis is a newly detected iron-dependent form of regulated cell death. Sono-photodynamic therapy (SPDT) can generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) and induce cell death under light and ultrasound. Due to the complexity of tumor physiology and pathology, single-modality often fails to achieve a satisfactory therapeutic effect. The development of a formulation platform with integration of multiple therapeutic modalities using a simple and convenient method is still a challenge. Here, we report the facile construction of a ferritin-based nanosensitizer FCD by co-encapsulating chlorin e6 (Ce6) and dihydroartemisinin (DHA) in horse spleen ferritin, and was employed for synergistic ferroptosis and SPDT. Ferritin in FCD can release Fe under acidic conditions and Fe can be reduced to Fe in the presence of glutathione (GSH). The Fe can react with hydrogen peroxide (HO) to produce harmful hydroxyl radicals. Furthermore, a large amount of ROS can be generated the reaction of Fe with DHA and by simultaneously irradiation of FCD with both light and ultrasound. More importantly, the depletion of GSH by FCD could decrease glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and increase lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels, thereby inducing ferroptosis. Therefore, by integrating the advantageous GSH-depletion capacity, ROS generation ability, and ferroptosis induction capability into one single nanosystem, FCD can serve as a promising platform for combined chemo-sono-photodynamic therapy of cancer.
铁死亡是一种新发现的依赖铁的细胞程序性死亡形式。声动力疗法(SPDT)可以在光照和超声下产生活性氧(ROS)并诱导细胞死亡。由于肿瘤生理学和病理学的复杂性,单一模式往往无法达到令人满意的治疗效果。开发一种具有多种治疗模式整合的制剂平台,采用简单方便的方法仍然是一个挑战。在这里,我们报告了通过共包封氯乙酮(Ce6)和青蒿琥酯(DHA)在马脾铁蛋白中构建铁蛋白基纳米敏化剂 FCD 的简便方法,并将其用于协同铁死亡和 SPDT。FCD 中的铁蛋白可以在酸性条件下释放 Fe,并且在谷胱甘肽(GSH)存在下,Fe 可以被还原为 Fe。Fe 可以与过氧化氢(HO)反应产生有害的羟基自由基。此外,大量的 ROS 可以通过 FCD 中 Fe 与 DHA 的反应以及同时用光和超声照射 FCD 产生。更重要的是,FCD 耗竭 GSH 会降低谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 4(GPX4)并增加脂质过氧化(LPO)水平,从而诱导铁死亡。因此,通过将 GSH 耗竭能力、ROS 生成能力和铁死亡诱导能力整合到一个单一的纳米系统中,FCD 可以作为癌症联合化学声动力治疗的有前途的平台。
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