Ford G, Rickards A, Kitchen W H, Ryan M M, Lissenden J V
Early Hum Dev. 1986 Jun;13(3):329-37. doi: 10.1016/0378-3782(86)90068-x.
There were 257 liveborn infants of birthweight 500-999 g born in one tertiary centre in the 5 1/4 years commencing January 1977; 86 (33.5%) survived to 2 years of age, corrected for prematurity and 83/86 (96.5%) were fully assessed. The prevalence of cerebral palsy was 10/83 (12%) and 17/83 (20%) had a major impairment. The distribution of weights and heights for 2-year-old boys and girls was significantly lower than for the standard population, as was the head circumference distribution for boys; the distribution of the Mental Developmental Index (Bayley Scales) was not related to the head circumference or body weight at two years or to head-circumference/bodyweight or height ratios. At birth measurements of weight, length and head circumference were under the 3rd percentile for 13/86 (15%), 9/86 (10.5%) and 9/86 (10.5%) respectively. By 2 years of age, weight, length and head circumference were under the 3rd percentile in 23/83 (27.7%), 26/83 (31.3%) and 4/83 (4.8%) respectively. 12 children who were SGA at birth were fully assessed at 2 years; the group of 6, who continued with poor postnatal weight gains (under the 3rd percentile) had the highest rate of major impairment but included were the only extremely SGA twins and the only two major malformations in the study. We found no association of other health problems or unfavourable social factors with poor postnatal growth or impaired outcome.
在1977年1月开始的5又1/4年里，一家三级医疗中心有257名出生体重在500 - 999克的活产婴儿；86名（33.5%）存活至2岁，已校正早产因素，其中83/86（96.5%）接受了全面评估。脑瘫患病率为10/83（12%），17/83（20%）有严重损伤。2岁男孩和女孩的体重和身高分布显著低于标准人群，男孩的头围分布也是如此；心理发育指数（贝利量表）的分布与2岁时的头围、体重或头围/体重或身高比值无关。出生时，体重、身长和头围测量值分别处于第3百分位数以下的有13/86（15%）、9/86（10.5%）和9/86（10.5%）。到2岁时，体重、身长和头围处于第3百分位数以下的分别为23/83（27.7%）、26/83（31.3%）和4/83（4.8%）。12名出生时为小于胎龄儿的儿童在2岁时接受了全面评估；6名出生后体重持续增长不佳（低于第3百分位数）的儿童严重损伤发生率最高，但包括研究中仅有的极度小于胎龄儿双胞胎和仅有的两种严重畸形。我们未发现其他健康问题或不利社会因素与出生后生长不良或预后受损之间存在关联。
