在宾夕法尼亚州中部农村地区的癌症幸存者中，更健康的能量平衡行为对与健康相关的生活质量最重要。
Healthier Energy Balance Behaviors Most Important for Health-Related Quality of Life in Rural Cancer Survivors in Central Pennsylvania.
机构信息
Department of Kinesiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA,USA.
College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA,USA.
出版信息
J Phys Act Health. 2023 May 20;20(8):752-759. doi: 10.1123/jpah.2022-0628. Print 2023 Aug 1.
BACKGROUND
Rural cancer survivors face a greater number of health disparities, including poorer health-related quality of life (HRQoL), than urban cancer survivors. Engagement in healthy lifestyle behaviors also varies between rural and urban cancer survivors. Lifestyle behaviors can improve HRQoL; however, the combination of behaviors most important for HRQoL in rural survivors is unclear. This study examined clusters of lifestyle behaviors in rural cancer survivors, and differences in HRQoL between behavioral clusters.
METHODS
Rural cancer survivors in the United States (N = 219) completed a cross-sectional survey. Lifestyle behaviors were classified into unhealthy/healthy binary categories (inactive/active, longer/shorter sedentary time, excessive/acceptable fat intake, very low/higher fruit and vegetable intake, some/no alcohol consumption, and poor/good sleep quality). Behavioral clusters were identified by latent class analysis. HRQoL differences between behavioral clusters were assessed by ordinary least squares regression.
RESULTS
The 2-class model demonstrated the best fit and interpretability. The "mostly unhealthy behaviors" class (38.5% of sample) had higher probabilities of all unhealthy behaviors, except alcohol consumption. The "healthier energy balance" class (61.5% of sample) had higher probabilities of active, shorter sedentary, higher fruit and vegetable consumption, excessive fat intake, some alcohol consumption, and poor sleep categories, and reported better HRQoL.
CONCLUSIONS
Healthier energy balance behaviors were particularly relevant for HRQoL in rural cancer survivors. Multiple behavior change interventions to improve HRQoL in rural cancer survivors should focus on supporting energy balance behaviors. Many rural cancer survivors may lead very unhealthy lifestyles, placing them at high risk of adverse outcomes. This subpopulation should be prioritized to help alleviate cancer health disparities.
背景
农村癌症幸存者面临着比城市癌症幸存者更多的健康差异，包括较差的健康相关生活质量（HRQoL）。农村和城市癌症幸存者的健康生活方式行为的参与度也不同。生活方式行为可以改善 HRQoL；然而，对于农村幸存者来说，最重要的行为组合尚不清楚。本研究检查了农村癌症幸存者的生活方式行为聚类，并分析了行为聚类之间的 HRQoL 差异。
方法
美国农村癌症幸存者（N=219）完成了一项横断面调查。生活方式行为被分为不健康/健康的二进制类别（不活跃/活跃，较长/较短的久坐时间，过量/可接受的脂肪摄入，极低/更高的水果和蔬菜摄入量，一些/没有饮酒，以及较差/良好的睡眠质量）。通过潜在类别分析确定行为聚类。通过普通最小二乘法回归评估 HRQoL 与行为聚类之间的差异。
结果
2 类模型显示出最佳的拟合度和可解释性。“主要不健康行为”类（样本的 38.5%）具有更高的所有不健康行为的可能性，除了饮酒。“更健康的能量平衡”类（样本的 61.5%）具有更高的活跃、较短的久坐、更高的水果和蔬菜摄入量、过量的脂肪摄入、一些饮酒和较差的睡眠类别，并且报告了更好的 HRQoL。
结论
更健康的能量平衡行为对农村癌症幸存者的 HRQoL 尤为重要。改善农村癌症幸存者 HRQoL 的多行为改变干预措施应重点关注支持能量平衡行为。许多农村癌症幸存者可能过着非常不健康的生活方式，使他们处于不良后果的高风险之中。这个亚人群应该被优先考虑，以帮助减轻癌症健康差异。
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