Division of Medical Dietetics and Health Sciences, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, 453 W. 10th Ave, 306N Atwell Hall, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, 460 W. 10th Ave, Columbus, OH, USA.
Support Care Cancer. 2021 Jun;29(6):3049-3059. doi: 10.1007/s00520-020-05812-3. Epub 2020 Oct 11.
Healthy lifestyles including maintaining a normal weight, consuming a healthy diet, and being physically active can improve prognosis and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among cancer survivors. The largest proportion of cancer survivors are older adults (≥ 65 years), yet their lifestyle behaviors are understudied. This study sought to examine the lifestyle behaviors (maintaining healthy weight, diet quality, physical activity) of older female cancer survivors and identify associations with HRQoL.
Older female cancer survivors (n = 171) completed surveys to assess HRQoL (RAND-36), unintentional weight loss, body mass index (BMI), diet quality (HEI-2015), and physical activity. Demographic information and medical record data were also collected. Descriptive analyses, correlations, and stepwise linear regressions were utilized.
Physical and mental HRQoL of the sample (mean age = 74.50 years) were low: 41.94 ± 10.50 and 48.47 ± 7.18, respectively, out of 100. Physical activity was low: 75.3%, 54.2%, and 68.1% reported no strenuous, moderate, and mild physical activity, respectively. Mean BMI was 27.71 ± 6.24 (overweight) with 64% of the participants being overweight or obese. Mean HEI-2015 scores were 66.54 ± 10.0. Engagement in moderate physical activity was associated with higher physical HRQoL (β = 0.42, p = 0.004). Being white (β = 0.53, p < 0.001), older (β = 0.27, p = 0.025), and having higher HEI scores (β = 0.30, p = 0.011) were associated with higher mental HRQoL.
Older cancer survivors report poor diet quality, high rates of being overweight or obese, and low levels of physical activity that impact their HRQoL. Results indicate the need for tailored health coaching for older cancer survivors regarding their lifestyle behaviors to improve prognosis and HRQoL.
健康的生活方式，包括保持正常体重、健康饮食和积极运动，可以改善癌症幸存者的预后和健康相关生活质量（HRQoL）。最大比例的癌症幸存者是老年人（≥65 岁），但他们的生活方式行为研究不足。本研究旨在检查老年女性癌症幸存者的生活方式行为（保持健康体重、饮食质量、身体活动），并确定与 HRQoL 的关联。
171 名老年女性癌症幸存者完成了评估 HRQoL（RAND-36）、非故意体重减轻、体重指数（BMI）、饮食质量（HEI-2015）和身体活动的调查。还收集了人口统计学信息和病历数据。使用描述性分析、相关性和逐步线性回归。
样本（平均年龄 74.50 岁）的身体和心理 HRQoL 较低：分别为 41.94±10.50 和 48.47±7.18，满分 100。身体活动水平较低：分别有 75.3%、54.2%和 68.1%的人报告没有剧烈、中度和轻度身体活动。平均 BMI 为 27.71±6.24（超重），64%的参与者超重或肥胖。平均 HEI-2015 得分为 66.54±10.0。进行中度身体活动与较高的身体 HRQoL 相关（β=0.42，p=0.004）。白人（β=0.53，p<0.001）、年龄较大（β=0.27，p=0.025）和 HEI 得分较高（β=0.30，p=0.011）与较高的心理 HRQoL 相关。
老年癌症幸存者报告饮食质量差、超重或肥胖率高、身体活动水平低，这会影响他们的 HRQoL。结果表明，需要为老年癌症幸存者提供有关生活方式行为的个性化健康指导，以改善预后和 HRQoL。
