Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria.
Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, Innsbruck 6020, Austria.
Injury. 2023 Jul;54(7):110825. doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2023.05.056. Epub 2023 May 19.
Awareness of well-being and health issues have contributed to increased popularity of sauna bathing. However, little is known about potential risks and injuries. The aim of this study was to identify the causes for injuries, the affected body regions and to define recommendations for prevention.
A retrospective chart data analysis was conducted among patients treated for an injury related to sauna bathing at the local trauma centre of the Medical University of Innsbruck between January 1, 2005 and December 31, 2021. Patients' demographics, the cause for the injury, the diagnosis, the body region of the trauma and the treatment methods were collected.
Two hundred and nine patients with injuries related to sauna bathing (83 female [39.7%] and 126 male [60.3%]) were identified. Fifty-one patients showed more than one injuries leading to a total of 274 diagnosis: contusions/distorsions (113; 41.2%), wounds (79; 28.8%), fractures (42; 15.3%), ligament injuries (17; 6.2%), concussions (15; 5.5%), burns (4; 1.5%) and brain bleeding (3; 1.1%). The most common cause for an injury was a slip/fall (157; 57.5%) followed by dizziness/syncope (82; 30.0%). Interestingly, head and face injuries were mostly caused by dizziness/syncope, whereas slip/fall was the leading cause for injuries of foot, hand, forearm and wrist. Nine patients(4.3%) needed surgical treatment mainly due to fractures. Eight patients got injured by wood splinters. One patient sustained grade IIB-III burns lying unconscious with an alcohol intoxication of 3.6‰ in the sauna.
The main causes for injuries during sauna bathing were slip/falls and dizziness/syncopes. The latter one might be prevented by improved of the personal behaviour (e.g. drink enough water before and after each sauna bathing), whereas slip/falls might be prevented by the revision of safety regulations, particularly the obligation to wear slip resistant slippers. Thus, everyone himself as well as the operators can contribute to reduce injuries related sauna bathing.
对幸福感和健康问题的认识导致了桑拿浴的普及。然而，人们对潜在的风险和伤害知之甚少。本研究的目的是确定受伤原因、受伤部位，并为预防措施提供建议。
对 2005 年 1 月 1 日至 2021 年 12 月 31 日期间在因与桑拿浴相关而受伤在因斯布鲁克医科大学当地创伤中心接受治疗的患者进行回顾性图表数据分析。收集了患者的人口统计学数据、受伤原因、诊断、创伤部位和治疗方法。
共确定 209 名与桑拿浴相关受伤的患者（83 名女性[39.7%]和 126 名男性[60.3%]）。51 名患者有不止一处受伤，总计有 274 例诊断：挫伤/扭伤（113 例；41.2%）、伤口（79 例；28.8%）、骨折（42 例；15.3%）、韧带损伤（17 例；6.2%）、脑震荡（15 例；5.5%）、烧伤（4 例；1.5%）和脑出血（3 例；1.1%）。受伤的最常见原因是滑倒/跌倒（157 例；57.5%），其次是头晕/晕厥（82 例；30.0%）。有趣的是，头部和面部受伤主要是由头晕/晕厥引起的，而滑倒/跌倒则是足部、手部、前臂和手腕受伤的主要原因。9 名患者（4.3%）因骨折需要手术治疗。8 名患者被木刺刺伤。一名患者因在桑拿浴中无意识地处于 3.6‰的酒精中毒状态而滑倒，造成 IIB-III 度烧伤。
桑拿浴时受伤的主要原因是滑倒/跌倒和头晕/晕厥。通过改善个人行为（例如，每次桑拿浴前后多喝水）可以预防后者，而通过修订安全规定，特别是佩戴防滑拖鞋的义务，可以预防滑倒/跌倒。因此，每个人自己以及操作人员都可以为减少与桑拿浴相关的受伤做出贡献。
