Fujairah Research Centre (FRC), Fujairah, United Arab Emirates.
Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt.
Reprod Domest Anim. 2023 Aug;58(8):1063-1069. doi: 10.1111/rda.14396. Epub 2023 May 28.
This is the first study to test the embryo transfer (ET) of hybrid embryos in Old World camelids and produces a live calf from a dromedary recipient. Hybrid embryos were collected from 7 dromedary and 10 Bactrian donors, with or without ovarian super-stimulation, and transferred to dromedary recipients. Pregnancy diagnosis was conducted on Day 10 post-ET by using the progesterone-ELISA test and trans-rectal ultrasonography at 1 and 2 months of gestation. The date of abortion, stillbirth, or normal calving for each pregnant recipient was recorded. Without ovarian super-stimulation, two and one recipients were pregnant at 10 days post-ET, from ♂ Bactrian X ♀ dromedary and ♂ dromedary X ♀ Bactrian, respectively. While at 2 months of gestation, only one recipient was diagnosed pregnant from ♂ Bactrian X ♀ dromedary. Response to ovarian super-stimulation was successful in all 4 of the tested dromedary donors and in 8 out of 10 Bactrian donors. Additionally, 4 super-stimulated Bactrian donors (40%) showed failure of ovulation. The number of super-stimulated developed follicles and recovered embryos was higher in dromedary donors compared to Bactrian donors. Ten and two recipients were diagnosed pregnant at 10 days post-ET for ♂ Bactrian X ♀ dromedary and ♂ dromedary X ♀ Bactrian, respectively. At 2 months of gestation, the number of pregnant recipients from ♂ Bactrian X ♀ dromedary was reduced to eight, while the two pregnant recipients from ♂ dromedary X ♀ Bactrian remained pregnant. Total early pregnancy loss at 2 months gestation for all transferred hybrid embryos, obtained with or without ovarian super-stimulation, was 4/15 (26.6%). One healthy male calf was born from a recipient, with a total gestation period of 383 days, that received an embryo from a Bactrian male and a dromedary donor. Stillbirth was observed in six cases after 10.5-12 months of gestation and three cases aborted between 7 and 9 months of gestation due to trypanosomiasis. In conclusion, ET of hybrid embryos in Old World camelids is successful. However, further studies are required to improve the outcome of this technology to be used for meat and milk production in camels.
这是第一项在旧大陆驼类中测试杂交胚胎移植（ET）的研究，成功从雌性单峰驼受体中获得了一只活小牛。杂交胚胎是从 7 只单峰驼和 10 只双峰驼供体中收集的，这些供体或接受过卵巢超刺激，或未接受过卵巢超刺激，并被移植到单峰驼受体中。通过孕激素-ELISA 试验和妊娠 1 个月和 2 个月时的直肠超声检查，在 ET 后第 10 天进行妊娠诊断。记录了每个怀孕受体的流产、死产或正常分娩日期。未经卵巢超刺激，♂双峰驼 X ♀单峰驼和♂单峰驼 X ♀双峰驼的 2 个和 1 个受体在 ET 后 10 天怀孕。而在 2 个月时，只有一个受体从♂双峰驼 X ♀单峰驼中被诊断为怀孕。所有 4 只接受测试的单峰驼供体和 10 只双峰驼供体中的 8 只对卵巢超刺激有反应。此外，4 只超刺激的双峰驼供体（40%）出现排卵失败。与双峰驼供体相比，单峰驼供体的超刺激发育卵泡和回收胚胎数量更高。♂双峰驼 X ♀单峰驼和♂单峰驼 X ♀双峰驼的 10 个和 2 个受体在 ET 后 10 天被诊断为怀孕。在 2 个月时，♀单峰驼 X ♂双峰驼的怀孕受体数量减少到 8 个，而♀单峰驼 X ♂双峰驼的 2 个怀孕受体仍怀孕。所有接受卵巢超刺激或未接受卵巢超刺激的杂交胚胎在 2 个月妊娠时的总早期妊娠丢失率为 4/15（26.6%）。一只来自受体的健康雄性小牛出生，其总妊娠期为 383 天，受体接受了一只雄性双峰驼和一只雌性单峰驼的胚胎。在 10.5-12 个月的妊娠期后观察到 6 例死产，在 7-9 个月的妊娠期内有 3 例因锥虫病流产。总之，旧大陆驼类的杂交胚胎 ET 是成功的。然而，需要进一步的研究来提高这项技术的结果，以用于骆驼的肉和奶生产。
