Liu Jia, Wu Deqian, Zhu Jinxin, Dong Su
Department of Thyroid Surgery, General Surgery Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
Department of Anesthesia, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
Front Oncol. 2023 May 5;13:1071923. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1071923. eCollection 2023.
Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common endocrine malignancy, with an increasing incidence over the last decades. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-induced immune deficiency was one of risk factors for cancer tumorigenesis and development. The aim of this study was to describe the clinicopathological features of PTC in HIV-infected patients and discuss possible connections between PTC and HIV infection.
A total of 17670 patients from September 2009 to April 2022 who underwent PTC surgery for the first time were analyzed retrospectively. At last, 10 patients of PTC with HIV infection (HIV-positive group) and 40 patients without HIV infection (HIV-negative group) were included. The differences in general data and clinicopathological characteristics between the HIV-positive group and the HIV-negative group were analyzed.
There were statistically significant differences in age and gender between the HIV-positive group and the HIV-negative group (<0.05), and males and <55 years old accounted for a higher proportion in the HIV-positive group. The differences in tumor diameter and capsular invasion between the HIV-positive group and HIV-negative group were statistically significant (<0.05). Meanwhile, in terms of extrathyroid extension (ETE), lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis, the HIV-positive group were significantly higher than the HIV-negative group (<0.001).
HIV infection was a risk factor for larger tumors, more severe ETE, more lymph node metastasis, and more distant metastasis. HIV infection could promote PTC proliferation and make PTC more aggressive. Many factors such as tumor immune escape, secondary infection, etc. may are responsible for these effects. More attention and more thorough treatment should be paid to these patients.
甲状腺乳头状癌（PTC）是最常见的内分泌恶性肿瘤，在过去几十年中发病率不断上升。人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）引起的免疫缺陷是癌症发生和发展的危险因素之一。本研究的目的是描述HIV感染患者中PTC的临床病理特征，并探讨PTC与HIV感染之间可能的联系。
回顾性分析2009年9月至2022年4月首次接受PTC手术的17670例患者。最后，纳入10例HIV感染的PTC患者（HIV阳性组）和40例未感染HIV的患者（HIV阴性组）。分析HIV阳性组和HIV阴性组之间的一般数据和临床病理特征差异。
HIV阳性组和HIV阴性组在年龄和性别上存在统计学显著差异（<0.05），HIV阳性组中男性和<55岁的患者占比更高。HIV阳性组和HIV阴性组在肿瘤直径和包膜侵犯方面的差异具有统计学意义（<0.05）。同时，在甲状腺外扩展（ETE）、淋巴结转移和远处转移方面，HIV阳性组显著高于HIV阴性组（<0.001）。
HIV感染是肿瘤更大、ETE更严重、淋巴结转移更多和远处转移更多的危险因素。HIV感染可促进PTC增殖，使PTC更具侵袭性。肿瘤免疫逃逸、继发感染等多种因素可能导致这些影响。应对这些患者给予更多关注和更彻底的治疗。
