Rey Marcel, Volpe Giovanni, Volpe Giorgio
Physics Department, University of Gothenburg, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden.
Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, WC1H 0AJ London, United Kingdom.
ACS Photonics. 2023 Apr 17;10(5):1188-1201. doi: 10.1021/acsphotonics.3c00140. eCollection 2023 May 17.
Light carries energy and momentum. It can therefore alter the motion of objects on the atomic to astronomical scales. Being widely available, readily controllable, and broadly biocompatible, light is also an ideal tool to propel microscopic particles, drive them out of thermodynamic equilibrium, and make them active. Thus, light-driven particles have become a recent focus of research in the field of soft active matter. In this Perspective, we discuss recent advances in the control of soft active matter with light, which has mainly been achieved using light intensity. We also highlight some first attempts to utilize light's additional properties, such as its wavelength, polarization, and momentum. We then argue that fully exploiting light with all of its properties will play a critical role in increasing the level of control over the actuation of active matter as well as the flow of light itself through it. This enabling step will advance the design of soft active matter systems, their functionalities, and their transfer toward technological applications.
光携带能量和动量。因此，它可以改变从原子尺度到天文尺度的物体运动。由于光广泛可得、易于控制且具有广泛的生物相容性，它也是推动微观粒子、使其脱离热力学平衡并使其具有活性的理想工具。因此，光驱动粒子已成为软活性物质领域近期的研究热点。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了利用光控制软活性物质的最新进展，这主要是通过光强实现的。我们还强调了一些首次尝试利用光的其他特性，如波长、偏振和动量。然后我们认为，充分利用光的所有特性将在提高对活性物质驱动以及光通过活性物质本身的流动的控制水平方面发挥关键作用。这一关键步骤将推动软活性物质系统的设计、其功能以及向技术应用的转化。
