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[新冠疫情第二年和第三年3至15岁儿童及青少年的优势与困难——德国一项家庭代表性调查的结果]

[Strengths and Difficulties of 3- to 15-Year-Old Children and Adolescents in the Second andThird Year of the Corona Pandemic - Results of a Household-Representative Survey in Germany].

作者信息

Zimmer Karin, Furian Helena

机构信息

AE Empirische Bildungsforschung Universität Vechta Driverstr. 22 49377 Vechta Deutschland.

Universität Vechta Deutschland.

出版信息

Prax Kinderpsychol Kinderpsychiatr. 2023 May;72(4):323-341. doi: 10.13109/prkk.2023.72.4.323.

DOI:10.13109/prkk.2023.72.4.323
PMID:37218566
Abstract

Behavioural strengths and psychosocial problems in children and adolescents between the ages of 3 and 15 are reported. The survey is based on a household-representative sample of 2,421 parents or guardians providing information on their everyday family-life in summer 2021 by online-questionnaire. 704 of the respondents participated again in the spring of 2022. In result, the behaviour of a quarter of the children and adolescents is described as psychosocially borderline/abnormal over the survey period (SDQ total). About a third of children and adolescents have emotional problems, behavioural problems or problems with their peers (respective SDQ-subscales). The proportion of primary-school children with emotional problems increases from summer 2021 to the following spring. Families in which children with disabilities live are disproportionally more affected. The results are discussed with regard to the SDQ standard values available for Germany, as well as the families' self-reported supportneeds and their planned use of professional support-services. Given the psychosocial burden of children, adolescents and their families presented here, which become apparent well after the closures of day-care centres and schools, or other contact-restricting measures to contain the pandemic, have ended, it remains of interest to observe how their well-being will further develop over time.

摘要

报告了3至15岁儿童和青少年的行为优势及心理社会问题。该调查基于一个具有家庭代表性的样本,由2421名家长或监护人组成,他们通过在线问卷提供了2021年夏季日常家庭生活的信息。704名受访者于2022年春季再次参与调查。结果显示,在调查期间,四分之一的儿童和青少年的行为被描述为心理社会方面处于临界/异常状态(优势与困难问卷总分)。约三分之一的儿童和青少年存在情绪问题、行为问题或与同伴相处的问题(优势与困难问卷相应子量表)。从2021年夏季到次年春季,有情绪问题的小学生比例有所增加。残疾儿童家庭受到的影响尤其大。研究结果结合德国可用的优势与困难问卷标准值、家庭自我报告的支持需求以及他们计划使用的专业支持服务进行了讨论。鉴于此处呈现的儿童、青少年及其家庭的心理社会负担,这些负担在日托中心和学校关闭或其他限制疫情传播的接触限制措施结束后仍很明显,观察他们的幸福感将如何随时间进一步发展仍具有重要意义。

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