Arabnezhad Mohammad-Reza, Haghani Fatemeh, Ghaffarian-Bahraman Ali, Jafarzadeh Emad, Mohammadi Hamidreza, Yadegari Javad Ghasemian, Farkhondeh Tahereh, Aschner Michael, Darroudi Majid, Marouzi Somayeh, Samarghandian Saeed
Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
Curr Med Chem. 2024;31(23):3529-3549. doi: 10.2174/0929867330666230522143341.
Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is used as one of the main protective factors against various pathological processes, as it regulates cells resistant to oxidation. Several studies have extensively explored the relationship between environmental exposure to heavy metals, particularly lead (Pb), and the development of various human diseases. These metals have been reported to be able to, directly and indirectly, induce the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cause oxidative stress in various organs. Since Nrf2 signaling is important in maintaining redox status, it has a dual role depending on the specific biological context. On the one hand, Nrf2 provides a protective mechanism against metal-induced toxicity; on the other hand, it can induce metalinduced carcinogenesis upon prolonged exposure and activation. Therefore, the aim of this review was to summarize the latest knowledge on the functional interrelation between toxic metals, such as Pb and Nrf2 signaling.
核因子红细胞2相关因子2（Nrf2）作为抵抗各种病理过程的主要保护因子之一，因为它调节细胞的抗氧化能力。多项研究广泛探讨了环境重金属暴露，尤其是铅（Pb）暴露与各种人类疾病发生之间的关系。据报道，这些金属能够直接或间接诱导活性氧（ROS）的产生，并在各个器官中引起氧化应激。由于Nrf2信号通路在维持氧化还原状态方面很重要，它在特定的生物学背景下具有双重作用。一方面，Nrf2提供了一种针对金属诱导毒性的保护机制；另一方面，长期暴露和激活后，它可诱导金属诱导的致癌作用。因此，本综述的目的是总结有关铅等有毒金属与Nrf2信号通路之间功能相互关系的最新知识。
