Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
Duke Global Health Institute, Durham, NC, USA.
Trauma Violence Abuse. 2024 Apr;25(2):1168-1183. doi: 10.1177/15248380231173428. Epub 2023 May 25.
Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a global public health crisis with long-term adverse consequences for both victims and perpetrators. Patterns of violence often begin during adolescence, yet most interventions target adult relationships. A systematic review was conducted to identify correlates of IPV victimization and perpetration among adolescents and young adults in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Eligible studies included participants 10 to 24 years old, took place in SSA, and tested a statistical association between a correlate and an IPV outcome. Correlates were defined as any condition or characteristic associated with statistically significant increased or decreased risk of IPV victimization or perpetration. PsycInfo, PubMed, Embase, and African Index Medicus were searched and included studies published between January 1, 2000 and February 4, 2022. The search resulted in 3,384 original studies, of which 55 met inclusion criteria and were analyzed. Correlates were first qualitatively synthesized by developmental period (e.g., early adolescence, older adolescence, and young adulthood) and then organized in a conceptual framework by correlate type (e.g., socio-demographic; health, behavior, and attitudes; relational; or contextual). Over two decades of literature reveals variability in evidence by developmental period but also substantial overlap in the correlates of victimization and perpetration. This review identifies multiple points for intervention and results suggest the urgent need for earlier, developmentally appropriate prevention efforts among younger adolescents as well as combined approaches that target both victimization and perpetration of IPV.
亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）是一个全球性的公共卫生危机，对受害者和施暴者都有长期的不良后果。暴力模式通常始于青少年时期，但大多数干预措施都针对成年期的关系。本系统综述旨在确定撒哈拉以南非洲（SSA）青少年和年轻成人中与 IPV 受害和施暴相关的因素。合格的研究包括年龄在 10 至 24 岁之间的参与者，在 SSA 进行，并测试了相关因素与 IPV 结果之间的统计学关联。相关因素被定义为与 IPV 受害或施暴的统计显著增加或减少风险相关的任何条件或特征。在 PsycInfo、PubMed、Embase 和 African Index Medicus 中进行了检索，并纳入了 2000 年 1 月 1 日至 2022 年 2 月 4 日期间发表的研究。检索结果产生了 3384 项原始研究，其中 55 项符合纳入标准并进行了分析。首先根据发展阶段（如青少年早期、青少年晚期和成年早期）对相关因素进行定性综合，然后按相关因素类型（如社会人口统计学；健康、行为和态度；关系；或背景）组织成一个概念框架。二十多年的文献表明，证据在发展阶段上存在差异，但受害和施暴的相关因素也有很大的重叠。本综述确定了多个干预点，并表明迫切需要在青少年早期进行更早、更适合发展阶段的预防工作，以及针对 IPV 受害和施暴的综合方法。
