Cha Dong H, Skabeikis Dominick, Kim Bong-Soo, Lee Jana C, Choi Man-Yeon
Daniel K. Inouye US Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center, USDA Agricultural Research Service, 64 Nowelo St., Hilo, HI 96720, USA.
Horticultural Crops Research Unit, USDA Agricultural Research Service, 3420 NW Orchard Ave., Corvallis, OR 97330, USA.
Insects. 2023 May 16;14(5):472. doi: 10.3390/insects14050472.
Tephritid fruit flies are among the most destructive agricultural pests of fruits and vegetables worldwide and can impose trade barriers against the movement of fresh tropical commodities. Primary pre-harvest control methods for these flies rely on the spraying of conventional chemical insecticides or bait sprays. However, resistance to these control methods has been reported in fruit flies. Erythritol is a non-nutritive sugar alternative for human consumption, which has been tested and confirmed for its insecticidal properties against various insect pest species. In this study, using laboratory bioassays, we evaluated the insecticidal effect of erythritol alone or various erythritol formulations containing sucrose and/or protein on four tropical fruit fly species established in Hawaii (e.g., melon fly, Mediterranean fruit fly, oriental fruit fly, and Malaysian fruit fly). In addition, the effects of other non-nutritive hexose and pentose sugar alcohols, such as sorbitol, mannitol, and xylitol, were tested. Among the different standalone and combinatory treatments tested, 1M erythritol and a combinatory formulation of 2M erythritol + 0.5M sucrose appeared to be the most detrimental to the survival of all four species of tested flies, suggesting the potential of using erythritol as a non-toxic management tool for the control of tropical tephritid fruit flies.
实蝇是全球对水果和蔬菜最具破坏性的农业害虫之一，会对新鲜热带农产品的运输设置贸易壁垒。这些果蝇收获前的主要防治方法依赖于喷洒传统化学杀虫剂或诱饵喷雾。然而，果蝇对这些防治方法的抗性已有报道。赤藓糖醇是一种供人类食用的非营养性糖类替代品，其对多种害虫的杀虫特性已得到测试和证实。在本研究中，我们通过实验室生物测定法，评估了单独使用赤藓糖醇或含有蔗糖和/或蛋白质的各种赤藓糖醇配方对在夏威夷定居的四种热带果蝇（如瓜实蝇、地中海实蝇、东方实蝇和马来西亚实蝇）的杀虫效果。此外，还测试了其他非营养性己糖醇和戊糖醇（如山梨醇、甘露醇和木糖醇）的效果。在所测试的不同单一和组合处理中，1M赤藓糖醇以及2M赤藓糖醇 + 0.5M蔗糖的组合配方似乎对所有四种受试果蝇的存活最为有害，这表明赤藓糖醇有潜力作为一种无毒管理工具用于防治热带实蝇。
