Li Dianwei, Liu Jiahui, Zhang Chengzhi, Cao Yuwei, Gao Ming, Jin Zhimin, Shan Hongjia, Ni Hongwei
Heilongjiang Academy of Forestry, No. 134 Haping Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China Heilongjiang Academy of Forestry Harbin China.
College of Life Sciences and Technology, Mudanjiang Normal University, No. 191 Wenhua Road, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang 157011, China Mudanjiang Normal University Mudanjiang China.
Zookeys. 2023 Jan 20;1141:169-183. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.1141.96883. eCollection 2023.
To discover the differences in hoarding strategies of rodents for different seeds in different habitats, we labelled and released three different types of seeds, including , , and , in temperate forests of northeastern China and investigated the fate of seeds in four different habitats that included a broad-leaved forest, mixed-forest edge, mixed forest, and artificial larch forest. Our research showed that the hoarding strategy of rodents was found to vary substantially in different habitats. The survival curves of seeds from different habitats showed the same trend, but the rates of consumption in different habitats varied. More than 50% of the seeds in the four habitats were consumed by the tenth day. It took 20 days to consume more than 70% of the seeds. The rate of consumption of seeds reached 96.70%; 99.09% of the seeds were consumed, and 93.07% of the seeds were consumed. The seeds were consumed most quickly in the artificial larch forest. In general, most of the early seeds were quickly devoured. After day 20, the consumption gradually decreased. Rodents found the seeds in the artificial larch forest in a shorter average time than those in the other types of forests. The average earliest discovery time was 1.4 ± 0.9 d (1-3 d). The average earliest discovery time in all the other three habitats exceeded 7 d. The median removal times (MRT) was distributed around the seeds at 14.24 ± 10.53 d (1-60 d). There were significant differences in the MRT among different habitats. It was shortest in the artificial larch forest at 7.67 ± 6.80 d (1-28 d). In contrast, the MRT in the broad-leaved forest was the longest at 17.52 ± 12.91 d (4-60 d). There were significant differences in the MRT between the artificial larch forest and the other habitats. There was less predation of the three types of seeds at the mixed-forest edge, and the most seeds were dispersed. The rates of predation of the , , and seeds were 28.33%, 15.83%, and 44.0%, and 59.17%, 84.17%, and 48.0% of the seeds were dispersed, respectively. The average dispersal distances of all the seeds were less than 6 m, and the longest distance recorded was 18.66 m. The dispersal distances and burial depths differed significantly among the four types of habitats. The distance of seed dispersal was primarily distributed in 1-6 m.
为了探究不同栖息地中啮齿动物对不同种子的贮藏策略差异，我们在中国东北温带森林中标记并释放了三种不同类型的种子，包括[种子类型1]、[种子类型2]和[种子类型3]，并调查了种子在四种不同栖息地中的命运，这四种栖息地包括阔叶林、混交林边缘、混交林和人工落叶松林。我们的研究表明，啮齿动物的贮藏策略在不同栖息地中存在显著差异。不同栖息地种子的存活曲线呈现相同趋势，但不同栖息地的种子消耗率有所不同。在十天内，四个栖息地中超过50%的种子被消耗。消耗超过70%的种子需要20天。[种子类型1]的种子消耗率达到96.70%；[种子类型2]的种子有99.09%被消耗，[种子类型3]的种子有93.07%被消耗。人工落叶松林中的种子消耗最快。总体而言，大多数早期种子很快就被吃掉。20天后，消耗逐渐减少。啮齿动物在人工落叶松林中发现种子的平均时间比在其他类型森林中短。平均最早发现时间为1.4±0.9天（1 - 3天）。其他三个栖息地的平均最早发现时间均超过7天。种子的中位移除时间（MRT）分布在14.24±10.53天（1 - 60天）左右。不同栖息地的MRT存在显著差异。人工落叶松林中的MRT最短，为7.67±6.80天（1 - 28天）。相比之下，阔叶林中的MRT最长，为17.52±12.91天（4 - 60天）。人工落叶松林与其他栖息地的MRT存在显著差异。混交林边缘对这三种种子的捕食较少，种子扩散最多。[种子类型1]、[种子类型2]和[种子类型3]的种子捕食率分别为28.33%、15.83%和44.0%，种子扩散率分别为59.17%、84.17%和48.0%。所有种子的平均扩散距离均小于6米，记录到的最长距离为18.66米。四种栖息地类型的种子扩散距离和埋藏深度存在显著差异。种子扩散距离主要分布在1 - 6米之间。
