Federico Lorenzo, Masseroni Andrea, Rizzi Cristiana, Villa Sara
Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences DISAT, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 1, 20126 Milano, Italy.
Toxics. 2023 May 9;11(5):445. doi: 10.3390/toxics11050445.
Tire particles (TPs) are one of the main emission sources of micro- and nano-plastics into the environment. Although most TPs are deposited in the soil or in the sediments of freshwater and although they have been demonstrated to accumulate in organisms, most research has focused on the toxicity of leachate, neglecting the potential effects of particles and their ecotoxicological impact on the environment. In addition, studies have focused on the impact on aquatic systems and there are many gaps in the biological and ecotoxicological information on the possible harmful effects of the particles on edaphic fauna, despite the soil ecosystem becoming a large plastic sink. The aim of the present study is to review the environmental contamination of TPs, paying particular attention to the composition and degradation of tires (I), transport and deposition in different environments, especially in soil (II), the toxicological effects on edaphic fauna (III), potential markers and detection in environmental samples for monitoring (IV), preliminary risk characterization, using Forlanini Urban Park, Milan (Italy), as an example of an urban park (V), and risk mitigation measures as possible future proposals for sustainability (VI).
轮胎颗粒（TPs）是环境中微塑料和纳米塑料的主要排放源之一。尽管大多数轮胎颗粒沉积在土壤或淡水沉积物中，并且已被证明会在生物体中积累，但大多数研究都集中在渗滤液的毒性上，而忽略了颗粒的潜在影响及其对环境的生态毒理学影响。此外，研究主要集中在对水生系统的影响上，尽管土壤生态系统已成为一个巨大的塑料汇，但关于颗粒对土壤动物可能产生的有害影响的生物学和生态毒理学信息仍存在许多空白。本研究的目的是回顾轮胎颗粒的环境污染情况，特别关注轮胎的组成和降解（I）、在不同环境中的运输和沉积，尤其是在土壤中的情况（II）、对土壤动物的毒理学影响（III）、环境样品中用于监测的潜在标志物和检测方法（IV）、以意大利米兰的福尔拉尼尼城市公园为例进行初步风险表征（V），以及作为可持续发展未来可能建议的风险缓解措施（VI）。
