School of Environmental and Material Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China.
CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China.
Environ Sci Technol. 2023 Aug 1;57(30):11267-11278. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.3c02885. Epub 2023 Jul 21.
The widespread occurrence of tire tread particles (TPs) has aroused increasing concerns over their impacts. However, how they affect the soil fauna remains poorly understood. Here, based on systematically assessing the toxicity of TPs on soil model speciesat environmentally relevant concentrations through both soil and food exposure routes, we reported that TPs affected gut microbiota, intestinal histopathology, and metabolites of the worms both through particulate- and leachate-induced effects, while TP leachates exerted stronger effects. The dominant role of TP leachates in TP toxicity was further explained by the findings that worms did not ingest TPs with a particle size of over 150 μm and actively avoided consuming TP particles. Moreover, by comparing the effects of different brands of TPs as well as new and aged TPs, we demonstrated that it was mainly TP leachates that resulted in the ubiquity of the disturbance in the worm's gut microbiota among different brands of TPs. Notably, the large variations in leachate compositions among different brands of TPs provided us a unique opportunity to identify the determinants of TP toxicity. These results provide novel insights into the toxicity of TPs to soil fauna and a reference for toxicity reduction of tires.
轮胎胎面颗粒（TPs）的广泛存在引起了人们对其影响的日益关注。然而，它们如何影响土壤动物群仍知之甚少。在这里，我们通过土壤和食物暴露途径，在环境相关浓度下系统评估了 TPs 对土壤模式物种的毒性，报告称 TPs 通过颗粒和浸出物诱导的影响影响了肠道微生物群、肠道组织病理学和蠕虫的代谢物，而 TP 浸出物的影响更强。通过发现蠕虫不会摄入粒径超过 150μm 的 TPs 并主动避免食用 TP 颗粒，进一步解释了 TP 浸出物在 TP 毒性中的主要作用。此外，通过比较不同品牌的 TPs 以及新旧 TPs 的影响，我们证明主要是 TP 浸出物导致不同品牌的 TPs 普遍扰乱了蠕虫的肠道微生物群。值得注意的是，不同品牌的 TPs 浸出物成分的巨大差异为我们提供了一个独特的机会来确定 TPs 毒性的决定因素。这些结果为 TPs 对土壤动物群的毒性提供了新的见解，并为轮胎毒性降低提供了参考。
