Olennikov Daniil N, Chirikova Nadezhda K
Laboratory of Medical and Biological Research, Institute of General and Experimental Biology, Siberian Division, Russian Academy of Science, 6 Sakhyanovoy Street, 670047 Ulan-Ude, Russia.
Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, North-Eastern Federal University, 58 Belinsky Street, 677027 Yakutsk, Russia.
Life (Basel). 2023 Apr 29;13(5):1112. doi: 10.3390/life13051112.
The seeds of dissected hogweed ( Ledeb., Apiaceae) are the source of hogweed oil (HSO), which is still underexplored and requires careful chemical and biological studies. The performed physico-chemical analysis of HSO elucidated basic physical characteristics and revealed the presence of fatty acids, essential oil components, pigments, and coumarins. High-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detection and electrospray ionization triple quadrupole mass spectrometric detection (HPLC-PDA-ESI-tQ-MS/MS) identified 38 coumarins that were characterized and quantified. Various furanocoumarins were the major components of HSO polyphenolics, including imperatorin, phellopterin, and isoimperatorin, and the total coumarin content in HSO varied from 181.14 to 238.42 mg/mL. The analysis of storage stability of the selected compounds in HSO indicated their good preservation after 3-year storage at cold and freezing temperatures. The application of the CO-assisted effervescence method allowed the production of an HSO nanosuspension, which was used in a brain ischemia model of rats. The HSO nanosuspension enhanced cerebral hemodynamics and decreased the frequency of necrotic processes in the brain tissue. Thus, seeds are a good source of coumarins, and HSO nanosuspension promotes neuroprotection of the brain after lesions, which supports earlier ethnopharmacological data.
裂叶独活（伞形科，Ledeb.）的种子是独活油（HSO）的来源，目前对其研究仍不足，需要进行细致的化学和生物学研究。对独活油进行的物理化学分析阐明了其基本物理特性，并揭示了脂肪酸、精油成分、色素和香豆素的存在。采用二极管阵列检测和电喷雾电离三重四极杆质谱检测的高效液相色谱法（HPLC-PDA-ESI-tQ-MS/MS）鉴定出38种香豆素，并对其进行了表征和定量。各种呋喃香豆素是独活油多酚类物质的主要成分，包括欧前胡素、费托平、异欧前胡素，独活油中香豆素的总含量在181.14至238.42毫克/毫升之间。对独活油中选定化合物的储存稳定性分析表明，在冷藏和冷冻温度下储存3年后，它们保存良好。采用CO辅助泡腾法制备了独活油纳米混悬液，并将其应用于大鼠脑缺血模型。独活油纳米混悬液增强了脑血流动力学，降低了脑组织坏死过程的频率。因此，种子是香豆素的良好来源，独活油纳米混悬液可促进脑损伤后的神经保护作用，这支持了早期的民族药理学数据。
