Wang Xiaoliang, Wright Zachary, Patton-Tackett Eva D, Song Gengqing
Internal Medicine Residency Program, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25701, USA.
Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25755, USA.
J Pers Med. 2023 May 13;13(5):827. doi: 10.3390/jpm13050827.
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is commonly seen in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), although data on the relationship between these conditions are still limited. We aimed to explore whether CKD is related to a higher prevalence of GERD and its complications. National Inpatient Sample data were used in this retrospective analysis, including 7,159,694 patients. Patients who had a diagnosis of GERD with and without CKD were compared with patients without GERD. Complications associated with GERD that were analyzed included Barrett's esophagus and esophageal stricture. Risk factors of GERD were used for variable adjustment analysis. Different stages of CKD were evaluated in patients with and without GERD. Bivariate analyses were performed using the chi-squared test or Fisher exact test (2-tailed) for categorical variables as appropriate to assess the difference. There were significantly different demographic characteristics between GERD patients with and without CKD regarding age, sex, race, and other co-mobilities. Interestingly, a greater prevalence of GERD was seen in CKD patients (23.5%) compared to non-CKD patients (14.8%), and this increased prevalence was consistently seen in all CKD stages. CKD patients also had 1.70 higher odds of risk of having GERD compared with non-CKD after adjustment. The association between different stages of CKD and GERD showed a similar trend. Interestingly, patients with early-stage CKD were found to have a higher prevalence and odds of risk of esophageal stricture and Barrett's esophagus than non-CKD patients. CKD is associated with a high prevalence of GERD and its complications.
胃食管反流病（GERD）在慢性肾脏病（CKD）患者中很常见，尽管关于这两种疾病之间关系的数据仍然有限。我们旨在探讨CKD是否与GERD及其并发症的更高患病率相关。本回顾性分析使用了国家住院患者样本数据，包括7159694例患者。将诊断为GERD且合并或未合并CKD的患者与未患GERD的患者进行比较。分析的与GERD相关的并发症包括巴雷特食管和食管狭窄。使用GERD的危险因素进行变量调整分析。在患与未患GERD的患者中评估CKD的不同阶段。对于分类变量，酌情使用卡方检验或Fisher精确检验（双侧）进行双变量分析，以评估差异。在年龄、性别、种族和其他合并症方面，患与未患CKD的GERD患者的人口统计学特征存在显著差异。有趣的是，与非CKD患者（14.8%）相比，CKD患者中GERD的患病率更高（23.5%），并且在所有CKD阶段均持续出现这种患病率增加的情况。调整后，CKD患者患GERD的风险几率比非CKD患者高1.70倍。CKD不同阶段与GERD之间的关联呈现相似趋势。有趣的是，发现早期CKD患者食管狭窄和巴雷特食管的患病率及风险几率高于非CKD患者。CKD与GERD及其并发症的高患病率相关。
