Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat 60250, Turkey.
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal University, Bolu 14030, Turkey.
Viruses. 2023 Apr 30;15(5):1104. doi: 10.3390/v15051104.
In 2020, 264 samples were collected from potato fields in the Turkish provinces of Bolu, Afyon, Kayseri and Niğde. RT-PCR tests, with primers which amplified its coat protein (CP), detected potato virus S (PVS) in 35 samples. Complete CP sequences were obtained from 14 samples. Phylogenetic analysis using non-recombinant sequences of (i) the 14 CP's, another 8 from Tokat province and 73 others from GenBank; and (ii) 130 complete ORF, RdRp and TGB sequences from GenBank, found that they fitted within phylogroups, PVS, PVS or PVS. All Turkish CP sequences were in PVS, clustering within five subclades. Subclades 1 and 4 were in three to four provinces, whereas 2, 3 and 5 were in one province each. All four genome regions were under strong negative selection constraints (ω = 0.0603-0.1825). Considerable genetic variation existed amongst PVS and PVS isolates. Three neutrality test methods showed PVS remained balanced whilst PVS and PVS underwent population expansion. The high fixation index values assigned to all PVS, PVS and PVS comparisons supported subdivision into three phylogroups. As it spreads more readily by aphid and contact transmission, and may elicit more severe symptoms in potato, PVS spread constitutes a biosecurity threat for countries still free from it.
2020 年，从土耳其博卢、阿菲永、开塞利和尼德省的马铃薯田采集了 264 个样本。使用扩增其外壳蛋白（CP）的引物进行 RT-PCR 测试，在 35 个样本中检测到马铃薯病毒 S（PVS）。从 14 个样本中获得了完整的 CP 序列。使用来自托卡特省的另外 8 个非重组序列（i）和来自 GenBank 的 73 个其他序列，对 14 个 CP 的非重组序列以及（ii）来自 GenBank 的 130 个完整 ORF、RdRp 和 TGB 序列进行的系统发育分析发现，它们属于 PVS、PVS 或 PVS 谱系。所有土耳其 CP 序列均属于 PVS，聚类在五个亚群中。亚群 1 和 4 存在于三个到四个省，而 2、3 和 5 则分别存在于一个省。所有四个基因组区域都受到强烈的负选择约束（ω=0.0603-0.1825）。PVS 和 PVS 分离株之间存在相当大的遗传变异。三种中性检验方法表明，PVS 保持平衡，而 PVS 和 PVS 经历了种群扩张。所有 PVS、PVS 和 PVS 比较的高固定指数值支持将其分为三个谱系群。由于它更容易通过蚜虫和接触传播，并且可能在马铃薯中引起更严重的症状，因此 PVS 的传播对尚未受到其影响的国家构成了生物安全威胁。
