Scottish Marine Institute, Scottish Association for Marine Science (SAMS), Oban, Argyll, Scotland, UK.
Institute of Biosciences, Zoology Department, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2023 Jul;30(31):76936-76949. doi: 10.1007/s11356-023-27846-w. Epub 2023 May 29.
Environmental characteristics influence the fatty acids (FAs) of aquatic organisms. Environmental factors and anthropic actions such as water pollution can impact FA composition. This directly affects the trophic network, especially when low-quality FA is provided to other trophic levels. The omnivore Penaeoidea shrimp is rich in proteins and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), representing an important node in the trophic web. We compared the FA composition of the commercially exploited seabob shrimp Xiphopenaeus spp. in two distinct coastal sites, Cananéia and Ubatuba, on the southeast Brazilian coast. Cananéia has a low human population density and is a preserved area with nearby mangroves, while Ubatuba is highly urbanised and influenced by tourism (increasing the domestic sewage), with diverse microhabitats but without mangrove influence. We found a total of 29 different FAs in seabob shrimp samples. Saturated FAs and PUFAS were the most representatives. For sex or age (juvenile and adult), deviations were found in the monosaturated FA, ω6, and ω3/ω6. However, FA composition was significantly different between sites, with Ubatuba presenting a lower abundance of FAs than Cananéia. The fatty acid composition of Xiphopenaeus spp. was influenced by environmental quality factors such as dissolved oxygen, chlorophyll, organic matter, and size gradient. The presence of high amounts of organic matter (especially sewage) during decomposition can decrease dissolved oxygen levels, reducing the quality of the first producers and limiting the availability of FAs for other trophic levels. The study suggests that water pollution and mangrove forests can impact the FAs of Xiphopenaeus spp., potentially reducing their nutritional value and causing an imbalance in the transference of FAs.
环境特征影响水生生物的脂肪酸（FA）。环境因素和人为活动，如水污染，会影响 FA 组成。这直接影响到营养网络，特别是当低质量的 FA 被提供给其他营养级时。杂食性对虾类虾是蛋白质和多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）的丰富来源，代表着营养网络中的一个重要节点。我们比较了东南巴西南部沿海两个不同沿海地点——卡纳涅亚和乌巴图巴——商业开发的海扇虾 Xiphopenaeus spp. 的 FA 组成。卡纳涅亚人口密度低，是一个受保护的地区，附近有红树林，而乌巴图巴高度城市化，受旅游业影响（增加了生活污水），拥有多样化的小生境，但没有红树林的影响。我们在海扇虾样品中发现了总共 29 种不同的 FA。饱和脂肪酸和多不饱和脂肪酸是最具代表性的。对于性别或年龄（幼体和成年），在单不饱和 FA、ω6 和 ω3/ω6 中发现了偏差。然而，FA 组成在地点之间有显著差异，乌巴图巴的 FA 丰度低于卡纳涅亚。Xiphopenaeus spp. 的脂肪酸组成受溶解氧、叶绿素、有机物和大小梯度等环境质量因素的影响。在分解过程中存在大量有机物（特别是污水）会降低溶解氧水平，降低初级生产者的质量，并限制 FA 向其他营养级的供应。该研究表明，水污染和红树林可能会影响 Xiphopenaeus spp. 的 FA，可能降低其营养价值，并导致 FA 转移失衡。
