Center for Health Services Research in Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Uniklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Schwabachanlage 6, D-91054, Erlangen, Germany.
Institute of General Practice, Uniklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Universitätsstr. 29, D-91054, Erlangen, Germany.
Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2023 May 29;21(1):51. doi: 10.1186/s12955-023-02132-y.
The Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory-Short Form (CMAI-SF) is a 14-item scale for assessing agitation and aggression, derived from the original 29-item CMAI, and completed by a proxy. Because the CMAI-SF has not yet been validated in German language, the aim of this study is to explore its construct validity.
Baseline data from a cluster-randomized trial to evaluate a non-pharmacological complex intervention for people living with dementia (PlwD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) were analyzed. The study sample consisted of 97 shared-housing arrangements (SHAs) in Germany, comprising N = 341 residents with mild to severe dementia and MCI. Trained nursing staff collected data by proxy-rating the CMAI-SF, Neuropsychiatric Inventory-Nursing Home Version (NPI-NH), and QUALIDEM. They also conducted the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA).
In an exploratory factor analysis, three factors emerged: "aggressive behavior", "verbally agitated behavior", and "physically non-aggressive behavior". The CMAI-SF total score showed good internal consistency (α = .85), and the factors themselves showed adequate internal consistency (α = .75/.76/.73). The CMAI-SF showed convergent validity with the NPI-NH agitation item (r = .66) and the NPI-NH "agitation & restless behavior" factor (r = .82). Discriminant validity was confirmed by a low (r = .28) correlation with the NPI-NH apathy item. Quality of life decreased significantly with agitation, as the CMAI-SF showed a moderate negative correlation with the QUALIDEM total score (r = -.35).
The 14-item CMAI-SF is a time-efficient, reliable, and valid assessment instrument. Three factors emerged that were similar to those already found in nursing home samples for the original CMAI and the CMAI-SF and in day care samples for the CMAI-SF. The findings provide preliminary evidence that the CMAI-SF can be used instead of the CMAI to reduce time, costs, and burden in future trials.
The DemWG study from which data were used to draft this manuscript was prospectively registered on 16 July 2019 at ISRCTN registry (ISRCTN89825211).
Cohen-Mansfield 激越量表-简表（CMAI-SF）是一种评估激越和攻击的 14 项量表，源自原始的 29 项 CMAI，并由代理人完成。由于 CMAI-SF 尚未在德语中得到验证，本研究旨在探索其构念效度。
对一项评估针对痴呆症（PlwD）和轻度认知障碍（MCI）患者的非药物综合干预的集群随机试验的基线数据进行了分析。研究样本包括德国 97 个共享住房安排（SHA），共 341 名患有轻度至重度痴呆症和 MCI 的居民。经过培训的护理人员通过代理评定 CMAI-SF、神经精神疾病护理院版（NPI-NH）和 QUALIDEM 收集数据。他们还进行了简易精神状态检查（MMSE）和蒙特利尔认知评估（MoCA）。
在探索性因素分析中，出现了三个因素：“攻击性行为”、“言语激越行为”和“非攻击性行为”。CMAI-SF 总分具有良好的内部一致性（α=0.85），各因子本身也具有足够的内部一致性（α=0.75/0.76/0.73）。CMAI-SF 与 NPI-NH 激越项目（r=0.66）和 NPI-NH“激越和不安行为”因子（r=0.82）具有良好的相关性。与 NPI-NH 淡漠项目（r=0.28）的低度相关性证实了其判别效度。CMAI-SF 与 QUALIDEM 总分呈中度负相关（r=-0.35），这表明生活质量随着激越而显著下降。
14 项 CMAI-SF 是一种省时、可靠且有效的评估工具。出现了三个因素，这些因素与养老院样本中的原始 CMAI 和 CMAI-SF 以及日托样本中的 CMAI-SF 中的因素相似。这些发现初步证明，CMAI-SF 可以替代 CMAI 使用，以减少未来试验中的时间、成本和负担。
本研究草案所使用的数据 DemWG 研究于 2019 年 7 月 16 日在 ISRCTN 注册处（ISRCTN89825211）进行了前瞻性注册。
