Domin Agnieszka, Mazur Artur
Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College, University of Rzeszow, Rzeszów, Poland.
Front Nutr. 2023 May 12;10:1111545. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1111545. eCollection 2023.
Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASDs) are a leading preventable cause of developmental and psychosocial disorders. Prenatal alcohol exposure can be a cause of growth impairment and metabolic problems. In this study, we analyzed data on the growth, weight, and nutritional status of children with FASD.
Patients were recruited from the Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, and the Outpatient Endocrinology Clinic in Rzeszów, Poland. Each person referred for evaluation had a diagnosis of FASD based on the recommendations of Polish experts. The population consisted of 59 subjects with measurements of weight and height, and the IGF-1 level test was performed.
Children with FAS had consistently lower height and weight measurements than children with ND-PAE. In the FAS group, children (<3 percentile) accounted for 42.31%, and in the ND-PAE group - 18.18%. The analysis of the whole group showed the highest prevalence of low body weight (below the third percentile) among subjects with FAS - 53.85%. The prevalence of low body weight and short stature (both parameters <3rd centile) was found to be 27.11% in the whole group. Lower mean BMI values were related to the FAS group (21.71 kg/m) compared to the ND-PAE group (39.62 kg/m). In the study group, BMI below the fifth percentile was found in 28.81% of the children, normal weight (5th-85th percentile) in 67.80%.
During the care of children with FASD, a continuous evaluation of nutritional status, height, and weight is necessary. This group of patients is often affected by low birth weight, short stature and weight deficiency, which require differential diagnosis and appropriate dietary and therapeutic management.
胎儿酒精谱系障碍（FASDs）是发育和心理社会障碍的主要可预防病因。产前酒精暴露可能导致生长发育受损和代谢问题。在本研究中，我们分析了患有FASD儿童的生长、体重和营养状况数据。
患者来自波兰热舒夫的儿科、儿科内分泌与糖尿病科以及门诊内分泌诊所。根据波兰专家的建议，每个接受评估的人都被诊断为患有FASD。该人群包括59名进行了体重和身高测量并进行了胰岛素样生长因子-1（IGF-1）水平测试的受试者。
患有FAS的儿童的身高和体重测量值始终低于非酒精相关产前暴露（ND-PAE）儿童。在FAS组中，身高体重低于第3百分位数的儿童占42.31%，而在ND-PAE组中为18.18%。对整个组的分析显示，FAS患者中体重过低（低于第3百分位数）的患病率最高，为53.85%。整个组中体重过低和身材矮小（两个参数均<第3百分位数）的患病率为27.11%。与ND-PAE组（39.62kg/m²）相比，FAS组的平均体重指数（BMI）值较低（21.71kg/m²）。在研究组中，28.81%的儿童BMI低于第5百分位数，正常体重（第5-85百分位数）的儿童占67.80%。
在照顾患有FASD的儿童时，持续评估营养状况、身高和体重是必要的。这组患者经常受到低出生体重、身材矮小和体重不足的影响，这需要进行鉴别诊断并采取适当的饮食和治疗管理措施。
