School of Medicine, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria, Australia.
School of Preventive and Population Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Cannabis Cannabinoid Res. 2023 Oct;8(5):716-730. doi: 10.1089/can.2023.0023. Epub 2023 May 30.
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a serious neurodegenerative condition impacting many individuals worldwide. There is a need for new non-invasive treatments of PD. Cannabinoids in the form of cannabidiol (CBD) and delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) may offer utility as treatment, and our objective was hence to conduct a systematic review regarding the clinical evidence for the efficacy and safety of cannabinoids in treating PD. Screening, data extraction, and quality assessments were all conducted by multiple reviewers, with discrepancies resolved by consensus. After conducting searches in 4 different databases, 673 articles were screened. Thirteen articles were deemed eligible for inclusion in this review. It was shown that cannabis, CBD, and nabilone (a synthetic form of THC) were capable of consistently improving motor symptoms more than a placebo. All treatments improved various non-motor symptoms, particularly with cannabis improving pain intensity, and CBD improving psychiatric symptoms in a dose-dependent manner. Adverse effects were usually minor, and, in the case of CBD, rare (except at very high doses). Cannabinoids have been shown to safely offer important potential in treating motor symptoms in PD and some non-motor symptoms. More large-scale randomized control trials for specific forms of cannabinoid treatments are required to determine their overall efficacy.
帕金森病（PD）是一种严重的神经退行性疾病，影响着全球许多人。目前需要寻找新的非侵入性 PD 治疗方法。大麻素（如大麻二酚[CBD]和 Delta-9-四氢大麻酚[THC]）可能具有治疗作用，因此我们的目标是对大麻素治疗 PD 的疗效和安全性的临床证据进行系统评价。通过多名评审员进行筛选、数据提取和质量评估，通过共识解决分歧。在对 4 个不同数据库进行检索后，共筛选出 673 篇文章。有 13 篇文章被认为符合纳入本综述的标准。结果表明，大麻、CBD 和纳布隆（一种 THC 的合成形式）在改善运动症状方面比安慰剂更有效。所有治疗方法均改善了各种非运动症状，尤其是大麻改善了疼痛强度，而 CBD 则以剂量依赖的方式改善了精神症状。不良反应通常较轻，而 CBD 的不良反应则较为罕见（除非剂量非常高）。大麻素已被证明可安全有效地治疗 PD 的运动症状和一些非运动症状。需要进行更多针对特定大麻素治疗形式的大规模随机对照试验，以确定其总体疗效。
