State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products/Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, P. R. China.
Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection, Hangzhou 310021, P. R. China.
J Agric Food Chem. 2023 Jun 14;71(23):8859-8866. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c01560. Epub 2023 May 30.
Penthiopyrad is a widely used succinic dehydrogenase inhibitor fungicide with two enantiomers, while the data on its enantioselective behaviors in crops are limited. The enantioselective dissipation may directly or indirectly expose people to the preferentially residual enantiomer, which may affect the dietary risks of chiral penthiopyrad. In this study, the enantioselective behaviors of chiral penthiopyrad in five kinds of crops and whole-age dietary risk assessments were conducted. The dissipation half-lives of penthiopyrad enantiomers were in the range of 0.48-13.7 days. -(+)-Penthiopyrad was preferentially dissipated in soybean plants, soybean, peanut kernel, peanut shell, celery, tomato, and soil, which was opposite in cabbage. The opposite enantioselective residue might expose people to different enantiomer, which bring more complex risks. On the 35th day (the harvest time), the residue concentrations of penthiopyrad were all lower than MRLs except celery. For acute dietary intake risks, the children aged 2-7 suffered the highest risks, especially for cabbage (RQ, 138%) and celery (RQ, 140%), which were unacceptable. For other people, the acute dietary intake risks of -penthiopyrad in cabbage and celery were also very high and in the range of 88.6-94.8%, which should raise concern. The chronic dietary intake risks of -penthiopyrad in the all crops for groups of Chinese population with different ages and genders were acceptable (HQ, 0.0006-29.1%), and the risks were the highest in celery, especially for children aged 2-7. This study could provide data support for the environmental behaviors and risk assessments of penthiopyrad at the enantiomeric level.
百菌清是一种广泛使用的琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂杀菌剂，具有两个对映异构体，但其在作物中的对映体选择性行为数据有限。对映体的选择性降解可能直接或间接地使人们接触到优先残留的对映体，这可能会影响手性百菌清的饮食风险。本研究通过对五种作物的对映体选择性行为及全龄膳食风险评估，研究表明，百菌清对映体在大豆植株、大豆、花生仁、花生壳、芹菜、番茄和土壤中的消解半衰期为 0.48-13.7 天。（+）-百菌清在大豆植株中优先消解，在大豆、花生仁、花生壳、芹菜、番茄和土壤中具有相反的残留选择性，而在白菜中则相反。相反的对映体选择性残留可能使人们接触到不同的对映体，从而带来更复杂的风险。在第 35 天（收获时间），除芹菜外，百菌清在所有作物中的残留浓度均低于 MRL。对于急性膳食摄入风险，2-7 岁儿童遭受的风险最高，尤其是白菜（RQ，138%）和芹菜（RQ，140%），这是不可接受的。对于其他人群，白菜和芹菜中（+）-百菌清的急性膳食摄入风险也很高，处于 88.6-94.8%之间，这应该引起关注。不同年龄和性别的中国人群在所有作物中（-）-百菌清的慢性膳食摄入风险是可以接受的（HQ，0.0006-29.1%），风险最高的是芹菜，尤其是 2-7 岁的儿童。本研究可为百菌清在对映体水平上的环境行为和风险评估提供数据支持。
