Faculdade de Direito, Universidade de Brasília. Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Asa Norte. 70904-970 Brasília DF Brasil.
Columbia University. New York NY EUA.
Cien Saude Colet. 2023 Jun;28(6):1601-1606. doi: 10.1590/1413-81232023286.01892023. Epub 2023 Mar 22.
The National Abortion Survey 2021 (PNA 2021) utilized face-to-face structured interviews and a self-administered questionnaire placed in a sealed box to collect data on abortions in Brazil. Interviews were held with a nationally representative sample of 2,000 women, randomly selected from among literate women ages 18 to 39 residing in urban areas. We compared some of the results with previous waves of the survey, PNA 2010 and PNA 2016. Findings show that abortion is in decline but remains a major public health issue. Around 10% of the women interviewed in 2021 said they had had at least one abortion in their lives (compared to 15% in 2010). We estimate that nearly one in every seven women (15%) have had an abortion by the age of 40. We identified a decline in the proportion of women who needed to be hospitalized to finalize their abortions (55% in 2010; 43% in 2021; p = 0.003) and in the proportion of women who used medication for the abortion (48% in 2010; 39% in 2021; p = 0.028). Abortion is an event that generally happens early on in women's reproductive lives: the PNA 2021 found that 52% of women were 19 years old or younger when they had their first abortion. Higher rates were detected among respondents with lower educational levels, Black and Indigenous women, and women residing in poorer regions.
2021 年全国堕胎调查（PNA 2021）采用面对面的结构化访谈和置于密封盒中的自我管理问卷收集巴西堕胎数据。在全国范围内随机抽取了 2000 名年龄在 18 至 39 岁、居住在城市地区、有读写能力的女性进行访谈。我们将部分结果与前几轮调查（PNA 2010 年和 PNA 2016 年）进行了比较。结果表明，堕胎率呈下降趋势，但仍是一个主要的公共卫生问题。在 2021 年接受采访的女性中，约有 10%表示她们一生中至少有过一次堕胎（而 2010 年为 15%）。我们估计，近七分之一（15%）的女性在 40 岁之前曾堕胎。我们发现需要住院以完成堕胎的女性比例有所下降（2010 年为 55%；2021 年为 43%；p=0.003），以及使用药物堕胎的女性比例有所下降（2010 年为 48%；2021 年为 39%；p=0.028）。堕胎通常发生在女性生殖早期：PNA 2021 发现，52%的女性在第一次堕胎时年龄在 19 岁或以下。在教育程度较低、黑人和土著女性以及居住在较贫困地区的女性中，堕胎率更高。
