A pre-clinical study to investigate the anti-diabetic potential of -propoxybenzoic acid as a multi-target inhibitor in streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced type-2 diabetic rats.

PURPOSE

The study was undertaken to evaluate the anti-diabetic potential of propoxybenzoic acid (PBA).

METHODS

36 Sprague-Dawley rats of either sex were utilized for the study. Animals were injected with nicotinamide (230 mg/kg) followed by streptozotocin (65 mg/kg) to induce Type-2 Diabetes (T2DM). Animals with blood glucose levels (BGL) over 200 mg/kg were allocated in six groups. Three groups were treated with -PBA dose of 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg and 300 mg/kg respectively; standard control group was treated with 5 mg/kg glibenclamide, while the other two groups were considered as normal control and disease control group. Body weight (BW) and BGL were recorded on Day 0, Day 7, Day 14, and Day 28. Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), serum insulin levels and lipid profile were recorded on Day 28. Animals were euthanized on Day 28 and the pancreas was isolated for histopathological examination.

RESULTS

Diabetic animals treated with PBA showed significant improvements in BW ( < 0.05) and BGL ( < 0.001) over 28 days. Levels of HbA1c ( < 0.05) and serum insulin ( < 0.001) were significantly regulated in animals treated with PBA. A significant decrease ( < 0.001) was observed in elevated levels of TC, TG, LDL cholesterol and VLDL cholesterol in animals treated with PBA. -PBA significantly regulated the levels of HDL cholesterol ( < 0.001). A notable protective effect of PBA was observed through the histopathological examination of pancreas.

CONCLUSION

PBA can be characterized as a multi-target inhibiting anti-diabetic agent which can be evaluated against diabetic complications.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40200-022-01177-y.