State Key Laboratory of Fresh Water Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.
College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
Front Immunol. 2023 May 15;14:1164087. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1164087. eCollection 2023.
The active ingredients extracted from yeast are important for regulating animal health. The aim of the current research was to explore the impacts of dietary yeast glycoprotein (YG) on the growth performance, intestinal morphology, antioxidant capacity, immunity and disease resistance of largemouth bass (). A total of 375 juvenile fish (6.00 ± 0.03 g) were allocated into 15 fiberglass tanks. Triplicate tanks were assigned to each diet. The dietary YG inclusion was as follows: the first group was given a high fishmeal diet (40% fishmeal, 0% YG) (FM) and the second group was given a low fishmeal diet (30% fishmeal and 15% soybean meal, 0% YG) (LFM). The fish in the third, fourth and fifth groups were fed the LFM diet supplemented with 0.5% (LFM+YG0.5), 1.0% (LFM+YG1.0) and 2.0% (LFM+YG2.0) YG, respectively. After a 60- day feeding trial, a challenge test using was carried out. The results showed that the final body weight (FBW) and weight gain rate (WGR) in the LFM+YG2.0 group were significantly higher than those in the LFM group and were no significantly different from those in the FM group. This may be partially related to the activation of the target of rapamycin (TOR) signaling pathway. Dietary YG supplementation enhanced intestinal physical barriers by upregulating the intestinal tight junction protein related genes (, and ) and improving the structural integrity of the gut, which may be partially associated with AMPK signaling pathway. Moreover, dietary YG increased the antioxidant capacity in the gut, upregulated intestinal anti-inflammatory factors (, and ) and downregulated proinflammatory factors ( and ), which may be partially related to the Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathways. The results of the challenge test indicated that dietary supplementation with 0.5 or 1.0% YG can increase the disease tolerance of largemouth bass against . In conclusion, the present results indicated that dietary supplementation with YG promotes the growth performance, intestinal immunity, physical barriers and antioxidant capacity of largemouth bass. In addition, 1.0% of dietary YG is recommended for largemouth bass based on the present results.
酵母中提取的活性成分对调节动物健康很重要。本研究旨在探索饲用酵母糖蛋白（YG）对大口黑鲈生长性能、肠道形态、抗氧化能力、免疫力和抗病力的影响。将 375 尾幼鱼（6.00±0.03g）分配到 15 个玻璃纤维缸中。每个饲料组设 3 个重复缸。饲料中 YG 的添加量如下：第一组给予高鱼粉饲料（40%鱼粉，0% YG）（FM），第二组给予低鱼粉饲料（30%鱼粉和 15%豆粕，0% YG）（LFM）。第三、四、五组鱼分别饲喂 LFM 饲料，添加 0.5%（LFM+YG0.5）、1.0%（LFM+YG1.0）和 2.0%（LFM+YG2.0）YG。60 天饲养试验后，进行了。结果表明，LFM+YG2.0 组的末重（FBW）和增重率（WGR）显著高于 LFM 组，但与 FM 组无显著差异。这可能与雷帕霉素靶蛋白（TOR）信号通路的激活有关。饲粮 YG 补充通过上调肠道紧密连接蛋白相关基因（、和）增强肠道物理屏障，改善肠道结构完整性，这可能与 AMPK 信号通路有关。此外，饲粮 YG 增加了肠道的抗氧化能力，上调了肠道抗炎因子（、和），下调了促炎因子（和），这可能与 Nrf2/Keap1 信号通路有关。攻毒试验结果表明，饲粮添加 0.5%或 1.0% YG 可提高大口黑鲈对的耐受力。综上所述，本研究结果表明，饲粮添加 YG 可促进大口黑鲈的生长性能、肠道免疫、物理屏障和抗氧化能力。基于本研究结果，建议大口黑鲈饲粮中添加 1.0%的 YG。
