Kline F S, Young A M
Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1986 May;24(5):1305-13. doi: 10.1016/0091-3057(86)90189-9.
The ability of d-amphetamine and ethanol to alter discriminative stimulus control by pentobarbital was examined in pigeons. Saline and pentobarbital (5.6 mg/kg) were established as discriminative stimuli for food-maintained responding in six birds. Dose-response functions for stimulus control and response rate were determined for pentobarbital alone and in combination with selected doses of d-amphetamine or ethanol. In tests of stimulus generalization, d-amphetamine alone did not exert pentobarbital-like stimulus control, while ethanol alone evoked variable degrees of pentobarbital-like stimulus control. d-Amphetamine attenuated pentobarbital stimulus control. Doses of 1.0 or 3.2 mg/kg d-amphetamine increased the dose of pentobarbital required for stimulus control in five of six birds. Combinations of high d-amphetamine and pentobarbital doses yielded less than additive rate suppression. Ethanol produced variable effects on pentobarbital stimulus control, with moderate doses generally decreasing, and high doses increasing, the dose of pentobarbital required for stimulus control. A high ethanol dose decreased the pentobarbital dose required for rate suppression. Taken together, these data demonstrate that pentobarbital stimulus control can be altered by drugs within or without the sedative hypnotic class.
在鸽子身上研究了右旋苯丙胺和乙醇改变戊巴比妥辨别性刺激控制的能力。在六只鸟中，生理盐水和戊巴比妥（5.6毫克/千克）被确立为食物维持反应的辨别性刺激。分别测定了单独使用戊巴比妥以及与选定剂量的右旋苯丙胺或乙醇联合使用时，刺激控制和反应率的剂量反应函数。在刺激泛化测试中，单独使用右旋苯丙胺不会产生类似戊巴比妥的刺激控制，而单独使用乙醇会引起不同程度的类似戊巴比妥的刺激控制。右旋苯丙胺减弱了戊巴比妥的刺激控制。1.0或3.2毫克/千克剂量的右旋苯丙胺使六只鸟中的五只达到刺激控制所需的戊巴比妥剂量增加。高剂量的右旋苯丙胺与戊巴比妥联合使用时，产生的反应率抑制小于相加效应。乙醇对戊巴比妥刺激控制产生不同影响，中等剂量通常会降低达到刺激控制所需的戊巴比妥剂量，而高剂量则会增加该剂量。高剂量乙醇降低了产生反应率抑制所需的戊巴比妥剂量。综上所述，这些数据表明，镇静催眠类药物内外的药物均可改变戊巴比妥的刺激控制。
