School of Kinesiology and Recreation, Illinois State University, Normal, IL.
College of Osteopathic Medicine, Liberty University, Lynchburg, VA.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2023 Nov 1;55(11):1977-1984. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000003227. Epub 2023 Jun 1.
The objective of this study is to assess the effects of supervised, recommended levels of prenatal aerobic exercise on 1-month-old infant cardiac function.
Eligible pregnant women were randomly assigned to either an aerobic exercise group that participated in 150 min of supervised, moderate-intensity (40% to 59% V̇O 2peak , 12 to 14 on Borg rating of perceived exertion) aerobic exercise per week for 24 wk or more or a nonexercising group that consisted of 150 min·wk -1 of relaxation techniques. One-month-old infant echocardiogram was performed to assess infant cardiac function , including heart rate (HR), left-ventricular stroke volume, cardiac output, cardiac index, ejection fraction, fractional shortening, and velocity time integral at the aortic valve. Pearson correlation analyses and linear regression models were performed.
Prenatal aerobic exercise was negatively correlated with infant resting HR ( r = -0.311, P = 0.02). Similarly, when controlling for infant sex and activity state, exercise level/volume ( β = -0.316; 95% CI, -0.029 to -0.002; P = 0.02) predicted resting infant HR ( R2 = 0.18, P = 0.02). In infants of overweight/obese women, infants of aerobic exercisers had increased fractional shortening ( P = 0.03). In addition, infant ventricular ejection fraction was correlated with maternal exercise attendance ( r = 0.418, P = 0.03) as well as a trend for exercise level ( r = 0.351, P = 0.08). Similarly, the only significant regression model for infants of overweight/obese women controls infant activity state ( β = -0.444; 95% CI, -0.05 to -0.01; P = 0.006) and maternal exercise level ( β = 0.492; 95% CI, 5.46-28.74; P = 0.01) predicting infant resting HR ( F = 5.79, R2 = 0.40, P = 0.003).
The findings of this study demonstrate that women participating in exercise in the second and third trimesters of their pregnancy may have infants with increased cardiac function at 1 month of age. Importantly, the cardiac function effects were further augmented for infants born to overweight/obese women.
本研究旨在评估监督下、建议水平的产前有氧运动对 1 个月大婴儿心功能的影响。
符合条件的孕妇被随机分配到有氧运动组或非运动组。有氧运动组每周参加 150 分钟监督下的适度强度（40%至 59%最大摄氧量，Borg 感知运动用力程度评分 12 至 14 分）有氧运动，持续 24 周或更长时间；非运动组则进行 150 分钟的放松技术。对 1 个月大的婴儿进行超声心动图检查，以评估婴儿心功能，包括心率（HR）、左心室每搏量、心输出量、心指数、射血分数、缩短分数和主动脉瓣速度时间积分。进行 Pearson 相关分析和线性回归模型。
产前有氧运动与婴儿静息心率呈负相关（r=-0.311，P=0.02）。同样，当控制婴儿性别和活动状态时，运动水平/量（β=-0.316；95%置信区间，-0.029 至 -0.002；P=0.02）可预测婴儿静息时的 HR（R2=0.18，P=0.02）。在超重/肥胖女性的婴儿中，有氧运动者的婴儿缩短分数增加（P=0.03）。此外，婴儿心室射血分数与母亲的运动参与度（r=0.418，P=0.03）以及运动水平呈趋势相关（r=0.351，P=0.08）。同样，超重/肥胖女性婴儿唯一显著的回归模型控制婴儿的活动状态（β=-0.444；95%置信区间，-0.05 至 -0.01；P=0.006）和母亲的运动水平（β=0.492；95%置信区间，5.46-28.74；P=0.01），预测婴儿静息时的 HR（F=5.79，R2=0.40，P=0.003）。
本研究结果表明，在妊娠第二和第三阶段进行运动的女性，其婴儿在 1 个月时可能具有更高的心功能。重要的是，超重/肥胖女性婴儿的心功能影响进一步增强。
