Department of Foundational Sciences and Research, East Carolina University (ECU), Greenville, North Carolina, USA.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, East Carolina University (ECU), Greenville, North Carolina, USA.
Birth Defects Res. 2021 Feb 1;113(3):238-247. doi: 10.1002/bdr2.1671.
Assess the effects of supervised, prenatal aerobic exercise intervention on 1-month-old neonatal morphometry.
Secondary data analyses of a 24+ week, randomized controlled exercise intervention trial in pregnant women between 2015 and 2018 were performed. Eligibility criteria included pregnant women: <16 weeks of gestation, singleton pregnancy, aged 18-40 years, and body mass index of 18.5-35.00 kg∙m . Eligible pregnant women (n = 128) were randomly assigned a moderate-intensity aerobic exercise group (n = 68) or a nonexercising group (n = 60) consisting of light stretching and breathing techniques. Neonatal weight, skinfold thickness, circumferences, and fat-free mass were measured at 1-month of age. Covariates included weight gain, gestational diabetes mellitus, and neonatal sex. ANCOVAs for intention-to-treat (ITT) and per protocol were performed.
ITT and per protocol analyses included 74 and 56 participants, respectively. Adjusted regression results showed significant between-group differences for neonatal skinfold thickness (ITT: 20.0 mm vs. 22.2 mm; p = .04; per protocol: 19.8 mm vs. 22.3 mm; p = .03) and body fat (per protocol 13.2% vs. 15.1%; p = .05). No between-group differences for weight (p = .36, .25), abdominal (p = .08, .35) and mid-upper arm circumferences (p = .30, .26), or fat-free mass (p = .83, .69).
The study findings suggest that aerobic exercise has a beneficial impact on neonatal skinfold thickness and percent body fat at 1 month of age. Participation in the recommended levels of aerobic exercise (150 min, moderate-intensity per week) throughout the prenatal period may serve as an effective strategy to reduce the risk of overweight or obesity in the early postnatal period.
评估监督下的产前有氧运动干预对 1 月龄新生儿形态的影响。
对 2015 年至 2018 年间进行的 24 周以上、随机对照运动干预试验中的孕妇进行二次数据分析。纳入标准包括孕妇：<16 孕周、单胎妊娠、年龄 18-40 岁、体重指数 18.5-35.00kg·m 。符合条件的孕妇（n=128）被随机分配到中等强度有氧运动组（n=68）或非运动组（n=60），包括轻度伸展和呼吸技术。新生儿在 1 月龄时测量体重、皮褶厚度、周长和去脂体重。协变量包括体重增加、妊娠期糖尿病和新生儿性别。进行意向治疗（ITT）和方案符合分析的协方差分析。
ITT 和方案符合分析分别纳入了 74 名和 56 名参与者。调整后的回归结果显示，新生儿皮褶厚度（ITT：20.0mm 比 22.2mm；p=0.04；方案符合：19.8mm 比 22.3mm；p=0.03）和体脂（方案符合：13.2%比 15.1%；p=0.05）存在显著的组间差异。体重（p=0.36，0.25）、腹部（p=0.08，0.35）和中上臂周长（p=0.30，0.26）或去脂体重（p=0.83，0.69）无组间差异。
研究结果表明，有氧运动对 1 月龄新生儿皮褶厚度和体脂百分比有有益影响。在整个孕期内进行推荐水平的有氧运动（每周 150 分钟，中等强度）可能是降低新生儿早期超重或肥胖风险的有效策略。
