Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing, China.
Clin Respir J. 2023 Sep;17(9):841-850. doi: 10.1111/crj.13630. Epub 2023 May 31.
The current study aims to investigate the etiology spectrum and the clinical characteristics of bronchiectasis in Chinese children.
The study is designed as a multicenter retrospective study. 193 cases were enrolled in 13 centers in China between 2008 and 2017. The inclusive cases must meet the clinical as well as the HRCT criteria. Only if both two radiologists confirmed the diagnosis, the case could be enrolled. The cases that could not provide clinical and imageology data were excluded. The data were entered into the specialized system and then analyzed.
One hundred sixty-nine cases (87%) were found to have the underlying etiology. Post-infective (46%), primary immunodeficiency (14%), and PCD (13%) were the common causes. All cases came from 28 provinces in Mainland China. The median age of symptom onset was 5.8 (2.0, 8.9) years. The median age of diagnosis was 8.4 (4.5, 11.6) years. The main symptoms were cough, sputum expectoration, and fever during the exacerbation. Nineteen percent of patients suffered from limited exercise tolerance. Clubbing was found in 17% of cases. Nearly 30% of patients presented growth limitations. On the HRCT findings, 126 cases had diffused bronchiectasis, and bilateral involvement was found in 94 cases. The lower lobes and right middle lobes were most commonly involved. Approximately 30% of cultures of sputum and bronchoalveolar lavage were positive.
A majority of cases could be found the underlying etiology. Post-infective, primary immunodeficiency, and PCD were the most common causes. Some clinical figures might indicate a specific etiology.
本研究旨在探讨中国儿童支气管扩张症的病因谱和临床特征。
本研究设计为多中心回顾性研究。2008 年至 2017 年期间，在中国的 13 个中心共纳入 193 例病例。纳入病例必须符合临床和 HRCT 标准。只有当两位放射科医生都确认诊断时，病例才能被纳入。排除那些无法提供临床和影像学数据的病例。将数据输入专门的系统进行分析。
169 例（87%）发现有明确的病因。感染后（46%）、原发性免疫缺陷（14%）和 PCD（13%）是常见的病因。所有病例均来自中国大陆的 28 个省。症状发作的中位年龄为 5.8（2.0，8.9）岁。诊断的中位年龄为 8.4（4.5，11.6）岁。主要症状在加重期为咳嗽、咳痰和发热。19%的患者有运动耐力受限。17%的病例有杵状指。近 30%的患者有生长受限。在 HRCT 发现，126 例有弥漫性支气管扩张，94 例有双侧受累。下叶和右中叶最常受累。约 30%的痰和支气管肺泡灌洗液培养阳性。
大多数病例可以发现明确的病因。感染后、原发性免疫缺陷和 PCD 是最常见的病因。一些临床特征可能提示特定的病因。
