State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China.
Guangzhou Zoo and Guangzhou Wildlife Research Center, Guangzhou 510070, China.
Sci Adv. 2023 Jun 2;9(22):eadd3580. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.add3580. Epub 2023 Jun 1.
Although species can arise through hybridization, compelling evidence for hybrid speciation has been reported only rarely in animals. Here, we present phylogenomic analyses on genomes from 12 macaque species and show that the group originated from an ancient hybridization between the and groups ~3.45 to 3.56 million years ago. The X chromosomes and low-recombination regions exhibited equal contributions from each parental lineage, suggesting that they were less affected by subsequent backcrossing and hence could have played an important role in maintaining hybrid integrity. We identified many reproduction-associated genes that could have contributed to the development of the mixed sexual phenotypes characteristic of the group. The phylogeny within the group was also resolved, and functional experimentation confirmed that all extant Western species are susceptible to HIV-1 infection. Our study provides novel insights into macaque evolution and reveals a hybrid speciation event that has occurred only very rarely in primates.
虽然物种可以通过杂交产生，但在动物中，仅有极少数报道提供了令人信服的杂交物种形成证据。在这里，我们对来自 12 种猕猴物种的基因组进行了基因组分析，结果表明，该组起源于大约 345 万至 356 万年前的 和 组之间的古老杂交。X 染色体和低重组区域显示出来自每个亲本谱系的均等贡献，这表明它们较少受到随后回交的影响，因此可能在维持杂种完整性方面发挥了重要作用。我们鉴定了许多与生殖相关的基因，这些基因可能有助于形成 组特有的混合性特征。 组内的系统发育也得到了解决，功能实验证实所有现存的西方猕猴物种都容易感染 HIV-1。我们的研究为猕猴进化提供了新的见解，并揭示了灵长类动物中非常罕见的杂交物种形成事件。
