Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States.
Department of Translational Neuroscience, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ, 85013, United States.
Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2023 Aug;76:104768. doi: 10.1016/j.msard.2023.104768. Epub 2023 May 18.
Obesity is associated with chronic mild-grade systemic inflammation and neuroinflammation. Obesity in early childhood and adolescence is also a significant risk factor for multiple sclerosis (MS) development. However, the underlying mechanisms that explain the link between obesity and MS development are not fully explored. An increasing number of studies call attention to the importance of gut microbiota as a leading environmental risk factor mediating inflammatory central nervous system demyelination, particularly in MS. Obesity and high-calorie diet are also associated with disturbances in gut microbiota. Therefore, gut microbiota alteration is a plausible connection between obesity and the increased risk of MS development. A greater understanding of this connection could provide additional therapeutic opportunities, like dietary interventions, microbiota-derived products, and exogenous antibiotics and probiotics. This review summarizes the current evidence regarding the relationships between MS, obesity, and gut microbiota. We discuss gut microbiota as a potential link between obesity and increased risk for MS. Additional experimental studies and controlled clinical trials targeting gut microbiota are warranted to unravel the possible causal relationship between obesity and increased risk of MS.
肥胖与慢性轻度全身炎症和神经炎症有关。儿童和青少年时期的肥胖也是多发性硬化症 (MS) 发展的一个重要危险因素。然而，解释肥胖与 MS 发展之间联系的潜在机制尚未得到充分探索。越来越多的研究强调了肠道微生物群作为介导中枢神经系统脱髓鞘炎症的主要环境风险因素的重要性，特别是在 MS 中。肥胖和高卡路里饮食也与肠道微生物群的紊乱有关。因此，肠道微生物群的改变是肥胖与 MS 发展风险增加之间的一个合理联系。更深入地了解这种联系可能会提供额外的治疗机会，如饮食干预、微生物衍生产品以及外源性抗生素和益生菌。本综述总结了目前关于 MS、肥胖和肠道微生物群之间关系的证据。我们讨论了肠道微生物群作为肥胖与 MS 发病风险增加之间的潜在联系。需要进行更多的实验研究和对照临床试验来阐明肥胖与 MS 发病风险增加之间可能的因果关系。
