Franke Axel, Bieler Dan, Achatz Gerhard, Suda Arnold J, Hoth Patrick, Paffrath Thomas, Friemert Benedikt
Klinik für Unfallchirurgie, Orthopädie, Hand- und Rekonstruktive Chirurgie, Verbrennungsmedizin, BundeswehrZentralkrankenhaus Koblenz, Rübenacherstr. 170, Koblenz, Deutschland.
Klinik für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Medizinische Fakultät, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Deutschland.
Unfallchirurgie (Heidelb). 2023 Jul;126(7):516-524. doi: 10.1007/s00113-023-01332-x. Epub 2023 Jun 4.
The management of a severely injured patient according to the standards and principles of individualized trauma care is a well-established procedure in many hospitals. The process is structured and standardized by the content of several course formats. In contrast, a mass casualty incident (MCI, MANV) is a rare and exceptional situation. In this case the treatment priorities and approaches are changed. The main aim in this situation is to ensure the best possible chance of survival for every casualty by organizational measures to mobilize rooms, personnel and material and to temporarily abandon the standards of individualized trauma care. To be prepared for a MCl situation it is necessary to know the realistic scenarios, to update the hospital emergency plan and to adapt all treatment procedures to the transient lack of resources. This article gives an overview of this process and summarizes the current clinical concepts to cope with a MCl situation and the current principles for the care of the severely injured involving many casualties.
按照个体化创伤护理的标准和原则来管理重伤患者，在许多医院都是既定的程序。这个过程由多种课程形式的内容构建并标准化。相比之下，大规模伤亡事件（MCI，MANV）是一种罕见且特殊的情况。在这种情况下，治疗的优先级和方法会发生变化。这种情况下的主要目标是通过组织措施调动空间、人员和物资，并暂时放弃个体化创伤护理标准，以确保每个伤员都有尽可能大的生存机会。为应对大规模伤亡事件的情况做好准备，有必要了解实际场景，更新医院应急预案，并使所有治疗程序适应资源的暂时短缺。本文概述了这一过程，总结了当前应对大规模伤亡事件情况的临床概念以及当前护理多名伤员重伤员的原则。
