Aramadaka Saikumar, Mannam Raam, Sankara Narayanan Rajagopal, Bansal Arpit, Yanamaladoddi Vishnu R, Sarvepalli Sai Suseel, Vemula Shree Laya
Research, Narayana Medical College, Nellore, IND.
Research, Narayana Medical College and Hospital, Nellore, IND.
Cureus. 2023 May 4;15(5):e38544. doi: 10.7759/cureus.38544. eCollection 2023 May.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia in the elderly, affecting roughly half of those over the age of 85. We briefly discussed the risk factors, epidemiology, and treatment options for AD. The development of therapeutic therapies operating very early in the disease cascade has been spurred by the realization that the disease process begins at least a decade or more before the manifestation of symptoms. Thus, the clinical significance of early diagnosis was emphasized. Using various keywords, a literature search was carried out using PubMed and other databases. For inclusion, pertinent articles were chosen and reviewed. This article has reviewed different neuroimaging techniques that are considered advanced tools to aid in establishing a diagnosis and highlighted the advantages as well as disadvantages of those techniques. Besides, the prevalence of several in vivo biomarkers aided in discriminating affected individuals from healthy controls in the early stages of the disease. Each imaging method has its advantages and disadvantages, hence no single imaging approach can be the optimum modality for diagnosis. This article also commented on a better approach to using these techniques to increase the likelihood of an early diagnosis.
阿尔茨海默病（AD）是老年人痴呆最常见的病因，约影响85岁以上人群的半数。我们简要讨论了AD的危险因素、流行病学及治疗选择。鉴于疾病进程在症状出现前至少十年或更早就已开始，这促使了在疾病级联反应极早期起作用的治疗方法的发展。因此，强调了早期诊断的临床意义。使用各种关键词，通过PubMed和其他数据库进行了文献检索。选择并审阅了相关文章以纳入研究。本文回顾了不同的神经影像学技术，这些技术被视为有助于确诊的先进工具，并突出了这些技术的优缺点。此外，几种体内生物标志物的患病率有助于在疾病早期将受影响个体与健康对照区分开来。每种成像方法都有其优缺点，因此没有单一的成像方法能成为诊断的最佳方式。本文还评论了使用这些技术以提高早期诊断可能性的更好方法。
