Shimojo S, Bauer J, O'Connell K M, Held R
Vision Res. 1986;26(3):501-10. doi: 10.1016/0042-6989(86)90193-8.
In a preferential looking experiment, identical patterns (vertical stripes) were presented to both eyes on one of two screens while orthogonal patterns (vertical stripes in one eye and horizontal stripes in the other) were presented on the other screen. Most infants younger than 3.5 months of age originally showed a preference for the dichoptic (interocularly orthogonal) pattern. At an average age of 3.5 months, however, they showed a sudden shift of preference from this pattern to the interocularly identical pattern. The full shift from a preference for one stimulus to the other (both statistically significant) occurred within a few weeks in most cases. The onset age of the shift in preference agreed with the onset age of fusion-rivalry discrimination found in a previous study (Birch et al., 1985). The original preference for the bincularly orthogonal patterns may be interpreted as a preference for a grid (interocularly emergent intersections) over a grating, judging from results of two control experiments. These data suggest that the pre-stereoptic system non-selectively combines information from the two eyes without regard to edge orientation because it loses eye-of-origin information at a relatively early stage of binocular visual processing. Thus, the pre-stereoptic system does not have the capability of interocular suppression. The theoretical and clinical significance of the new findings are discussed along with a neuronal model of cortical development of ocular segregation and binocular pathways.
在一项优先注视实验中，在两个屏幕中的一个上给双眼呈现相同的图案（垂直条纹），而在另一个屏幕上呈现正交图案（一只眼睛呈现垂直条纹，另一只眼睛呈现水平条纹）。大多数3.5个月以下的婴儿最初表现出对双眼视差（两眼间正交）图案的偏好。然而，在平均3.5个月大时，他们突然从对这种图案的偏好转向对两眼间相同图案的偏好。在大多数情况下，从对一种刺激的偏好完全转变为对另一种刺激的偏好（两者均具有统计学显著性）在几周内就会发生。偏好转变的起始年龄与先前一项研究（Birch等人，1985年）中发现的融合竞争辨别起始年龄一致。从两项对照实验的结果判断，最初对两眼间正交图案的偏好可能被解释为对网格（两眼间出现的交叉点）而非光栅的偏好。这些数据表明，立体视觉前系统在不考虑边缘方向的情况下非选择性地整合来自两眼的信息，因为它在双眼视觉处理的相对早期阶段就丢失了眼源性信息。因此，立体视觉前系统没有眼间抑制能力。本文结合眼部分离和双眼通路皮质发育的神经元模型，讨论了这些新发现的理论和临床意义。
