Department of Nutrition and Public Health, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Vest-Agder, Norway.
Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
Matern Child Nutr. 2024 Jan;20 Suppl 2(Suppl 2):e13540. doi: 10.1111/mcn.13540. Epub 2023 Jun 5.
Improving diet and dietary behaviour of men and women before pregnancy has the potential to benefit both their current and long-term health and the health of their children. Little is known, however, about adults' perception of diet's role in prepregnancy health. This study aimed to explore the state of knowledge and awareness of preconception nutritional health in adults within the fertile age range and what they perceived could motivate healthy eating using the self-determination theory as a theoretical framework. We analysed 33 short exploratory interviews with men (n = 18) and women (n = 15) aged 18-45 years. Participants were grab sampled from three different public locations in the southern part of Norway. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim in 2020 and analysed using a thematic analysis with a semantic approach in 2022. The findings suggest that adults within the fertile age range are not intrinsically motivated to eat healthily, but when they do, it is because eating healthily often aligns with other goals consistent with their values, that is, getting fit or looking good. They possess some basic knowledge of healthy behaviours during pregnancy but are generally unaware of the importance of preconception health and nutrition. There is a need to increase awareness of the impact of preconception health on the health of this and future generations. Improved nutritional education on the significance of diet before conception might facilitate optimal conditions for conceiving and for pregnancy in the adult population within fertile age range.
改善备孕男女的饮食和饮食习惯有可能使他们当前和长期的健康以及他们孩子的健康受益。然而，人们对成年人对饮食在备孕健康中的作用的认识知之甚少。本研究旨在探讨在生育年龄范围内的成年人对备孕营养健康的知识和意识状态，以及他们根据自我决定理论的理论框架认为哪些因素可以促进健康饮食。我们对 33 名年龄在 18-45 岁的男性（n=18）和女性（n=15）进行了 33 次简短的探索性访谈。参与者是在挪威南部的三个不同公共地点随机抽取的。访谈于 2020 年进行了录音，并逐字记录，2022 年采用语义主题分析方法进行了分析。研究结果表明，生育年龄范围内的成年人没有内在的动力去健康饮食，但当他们这样做时，是因为健康饮食往往与其他符合他们价值观的目标一致，例如保持健康或保持良好的形象。他们对怀孕期间的健康行为有一些基本的了解，但普遍不知道备孕健康和营养的重要性。有必要提高人们对备孕健康对这一代人及其后代健康的影响的认识。提高关于受孕前饮食重要性的营养教育可能会为生育年龄范围内的成年人口提供最佳的受孕和妊娠条件。
