Finnish Food Authority, Risk Assessment Unit, Helsinki, Finland.
Environ Monit Assess. 2023 Jun 7;195(7):809. doi: 10.1007/s10661-023-11427-y.
While directly comparable toxicological data are unavailable, this pilot study used published toxicological endpoints for neurological damage to weigh the relative importance of cadmium, lead, arsenic, mercury, nickel, and aluminum in the mixture Finnish adults receive from their daily diet. In addition, the effects of a selection of these chemicals on cognition, kidney tubular damage, and fertility were assessed using the toxicological endpoints available in the Chemical Mixture Calculator developed by the Technical University of Denmark. Consumption data from the FinDiet 2012 national survey of 25 to 74-year-olds and occurrence data mainly obtained in national monitoring were used to estimate the cumulative dietary exposure, which was found to be so high that the possibility of neurological damage or kidney effects cannot be ruled out for most of the population, particularly fertile age women. For Finns below the age of 65 years, the main sources of cumulative exposure were bread and other cereals, non-alcoholic drinks, and vegetables. When mean exposure was statistically compared between age groups and genders, women aged 25 to 45 years had a statistically significantly higher exposure than men of the same age (P < 0.05) and women aged 46 to 64 years (P < 0.001).
虽然无法直接获得可比较的毒理学数据，但本研究使用已发表的神经毒性终点数据来衡量芬兰成年人从日常饮食中摄入的镉、铅、砷、汞、镍和铝混合物的相对重要性。此外，还利用丹麦技术大学开发的化学混合物计算器中可用的毒理学终点来评估这些化学物质中的一部分对认知、肾小管损伤和生育能力的影响。利用 2012 年全国范围针对 25 至 74 岁人群的 FinDiet 调查中的消费数据和主要从国家监测中获得的发生数据来估计累积饮食暴露量，结果发现累积暴露量非常高，对于大多数人群，尤其是育龄妇女，不能排除发生神经损伤或肾脏影响的可能性。对于 65 岁以下的芬兰人，累积暴露的主要来源是面包和其他谷物、不含酒精的饮料和蔬菜。在对不同年龄组和性别之间的平均暴露量进行统计学比较时，发现 25 至 45 岁的女性与同年龄组的男性（P<0.05）和 46 至 64 岁的女性（P<0.001）相比，暴露量具有统计学意义上的显著差异。
