Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Departamento de Biologia Marinha, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Environ Microbiol. 2023 Oct;25(10):2041-2048. doi: 10.1111/1462-2920.16435. Epub 2023 Jun 6.
Bacterial resistance to antimicrobials is a global public health problem that surpasses the human context and can be increased by pollution. However, the lack of systematic monitoring of resistance in some aquatic matrices, such as tropical estuaries, makes it unknown whether its occurrence is associated with anthropogenic pollution in these environments. Therefore, we investigated the occurrence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) producing Escherichia coli as a resistance indicator for 12 consecutive months at three representative points of a pollution gradient in Guanabara Bay (GB), Brazil. Sixty-six E. coli strains were selected from 72 samples of GB waters in the presence of ceftriaxone (8 μg mL ) and identified by MALDI-TOF MS. Of the 66, 55 (83.3%) strains were ESBL producers. They carried beta-lactamase/ESBL genes, with the predominance of bla (54, 98.2%), especially the bla allele (49.1%). These strains were detected frequently (81.8%) from the point with the highest pollution levels. Furthermore, the marker for Class 1 integron, intI1 gene, was detected in 54.5% of ESBL producers. These data suggest an association between antimicrobial-resistant E. coli and sewage pollution in aquatic environments raising concerns about the possible risks of human exposure to these waters and fish consumption.
细菌对抗生素的耐药性是一个全球性的公共卫生问题，它超越了人类的范畴，并且可以通过污染而加剧。然而，由于在一些水生基质（如热带河口）中缺乏对耐药性的系统监测，因此尚不清楚其发生是否与这些环境中的人为污染有关。因此，我们在巴西瓜纳巴拉湾（GB）的污染梯度的三个代表性点连续 12 个月调查了作为耐药性指标的产生超广谱β-内酰胺酶（ESBL）的大肠杆菌的发生情况。在头孢曲松（8μg mL ）存在的情况下，从 GB 水中的 72 个样本中选择了 66 株大肠杆菌，并通过 MALDI-TOF MS 进行了鉴定。在 66 株中，有 55 株（83.3%）为 ESBL 产毒株。它们携带β-内酰胺酶/ESBL 基因，bla （54，98.2%）居多，特别是 bla 等位基因（49.1%）。这些菌株经常从污染水平最高的点检测到（81.8%）。此外，在 54.5%的 ESBL 产毒株中检测到了 1 类整合子标记基因 intI1。这些数据表明，水生环境中存在具有抗药性的大肠杆菌与污水污染之间存在关联，这引起了人们对人类接触这些水和食用这些鱼的潜在风险的关注。
