The brain neurosecretory cells of the moth Samia cynthia ricini: Immunohistochemical localization and developmental changes of the Samia homologues of the Bombyx prothoracicotropic hormone and bombyxin.

We produced mouse antisera against synthetic peptides corresponding to the sequences of the Samia cynthia ricini homologues of the Bombyx mori PTTH and bombyxin. Immunohistochemical analyses of the Samia cephalic neuroendocrine system using these antisera were performed to identify the neurosecretory cells (NSC) containing the PTTH and bombyxin homologues and to examine the developmental changes in their amounts in the NSC. The results show that the PTTH and bombyxin homologues are produced by two pairs of dorsolateral and 16 pairs of dorsomedial NSC of Samia brain, respectively, and both are transported to, and released from, the corpora allata. No clear-cut correlation was found between the fluctuation in the amount of immunoreactive substances in the brain NSC and the endocrinologically anticipated timings of PTTH secretion. From Samia brain extract, two forms of PTTH activity (∼30 kDa and ∼5 kDa) were resolved through Sephadex gel filtration. The ∼30 kDa and ∼5 kDa PTTH seem to represent the PTTH and bombyxin homologues, respectively. We discuss that the ∼30 kDa PTTH homologue is the true PTTH of Samia.