Butcher J
Adolescence. 1986 Spring;21(81):133-43.
The purpose of this longitudinal study was to examine changes in adolescent girls' aspirations at school and perceptions of popularity as they matured, and to determine if there were any differences between participants and nonparticipants on interschool teams. One hundred forty girls completed a questionnaire each year for five years from Grades 6 to 10 (ages 11 to 15), answering the following questions: What would you most like to do at school? Which of the following make you most popular among your friends? and How many interschool teams have you been on? For aspirations at school the overwhelming first choice of the total sample was making good grades; participants ranked being good at sports second; nonparticipants ranked being popular second. For the total sample, being popular increased slightly in importance, while sports decreased slightly over the five years. As for perceptions of popularity, grades were most important in Grades 6 and 10, while looks were ranked first during junior high school. Interschool participants ranked grades and sports first or second, while nonparticipants chose looks as most important for achieving popularity.
这项纵向研究的目的是考察青春期女孩随着年龄增长在学校的志向变化以及对受欢迎程度的认知,并确定参与校际团队活动的学生与未参与者之间是否存在差异。140名女孩在6至10年级(11至15岁)的五年间每年填写一份问卷,回答以下问题:你在学校最想做什么?以下哪项能让你在朋友中最受欢迎?你参加过多少校际团队?对于在学校的志向,总样本中压倒性的首要选择是取得好成绩;参与者将擅长体育排在第二位;未参与者将受欢迎排在第二位。对于总样本而言,受欢迎程度的重要性略有上升,而体育在这五年间略有下降。至于对受欢迎程度的认知,成绩在6年级和10年级最为重要,而外貌在初中阶段排名第一。参与校际团队活动的学生将成绩和体育排在第一或第二位,而未参与者则选择外貌作为获得受欢迎程度最重要的因素。