Wang Zi-Heng, Zhao Xiao-Jun, Chen Xun, Fei Wen-Ting, Wang Chun, Zhang Jian-Jun, Wang Lin-Yuan
School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing 102488, China.
School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing 102488, China.
Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2023 Apr;48(8):2265-2271. doi: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20221116.401.
The leaves of Vernonia amygdalina Delile of the family Asteraceae(also known as "bitter leaf"), rich in biological activities, are used as both medicine and food for a long time in West tropical Africa. They have been introduced into Southeast Asia and Fujian and Guangdong provinces of China in recent years. However, little is known about the properties of the plant in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM), which limits its combination with other Chinese medicinal herbs. In this study, 473 articles on V. amygdalina leaves were selected from PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI, Wanfang Data and VIP to summarize their components, pharmacological effects and clinical research. V. amygdalina leaves presented anti-microbial, hypoglycemic, anti-hypertensive, lipid-lowering, anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and other pharmacological effects. On the basis of the theory of TCM properties, the leaves were inferred to be cold in property and bitter and sweet in flavor, acting on spleen, liver, stomach and large intestine and with the functions of clearing heat, drying dampness, purging fire, removing toxin, killing insects and preventing attack of malaria. They can be used to treat dampness-heat diarrhea, interior heat and diabetes, malaria, insect accumulation and eczema(5-10 g dry leaves by decoction per day and an appropriate amount of crushed fresh leaves applying to the affected area for external use). Due to the lack of TCM properties, V. amygdalina leaves are rarely used medicinally in China. The determination of medicinal properties of the leaves is conducive to the introduction of new exotic medicinal herbs and the development of new TCM resources, which facilitated further clinical application and research and development of Chinese medicinal herbs.
菊科植物扁桃斑鸠菊（Vernonia amygdalina Delile，也称为“苦叶”）的叶子富含生物活性成分，在西非热带地区长期被用作药物和食物。近年来，它们已被引入东南亚以及中国的福建和广东等省份。然而，关于该植物在传统中医中的特性知之甚少，这限制了它与其他中草药的配伍应用。本研究从PubMed、Web of Science、中国知网、万方数据和维普资讯中筛选出473篇关于扁桃斑鸠菊叶的文献，对其成分、药理作用及临床研究进行总结。扁桃斑鸠菊叶具有抗菌、降血糖、降血压、降血脂、抗肿瘤、抗炎、抗氧化等药理作用。基于中医药性理论，推断其性凉，味苦涩，归脾、肝、胃、大肠经，具有清热燥湿、泻火解毒、杀虫截疟的功效。可用于治疗湿热泄泻、内热消渴、疟疾、虫积腹痛、湿疹（每日用干叶5 - 10克水煎服，外用适量鲜叶捣烂敷于患处）。由于缺乏中医药性的明确界定，扁桃斑鸠菊叶在中国很少作为药用。确定其药用特性有助于新的外来药用植物引入和新的中药资源开发，促进中草药进一步临床应用及研发。
