Department of Gynecology, Clinical Institute of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Neonatology, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.
Womens Health (Lond). 2023 Jan-Dec;19:17455057231176751. doi: 10.1177/17455057231176751.
Vaccination can have an impact on menstruation, and this impact may be more notable in women with inflammatory gynecological pathologies such as endometriosis.
We aimed to investigate the impact of mRNA-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccines on menstrual cycle-related symptoms in women with endometriosis and assess the effect of hormonal therapy on potential SARS-CoV-2 vaccination-induced menstrual changes.
A total of 848 women who received at least two doses of mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccines were prospectively recruited: 407 with endometriosis (endometriosis group) and 441 healthy controls (non-endometriosis group).
Data regarding demographics, clinical characteristics, hormonal treatment, and menstrual-associated symptoms in the first and second cycle after vaccination were collected through an online survey.
A similar percentage of patients in both the endometriosis and the non-endometriosis group self-reported menstrual-associated changes the first (52.6% versus 48.8%, respectively) and second cycle after vaccination (29.0% versus 28.1%, respectively). Although the total symptoms recorded were not different between the two groups, several specific symptoms were statistically more frequent in the endometriosis group. These were pain disorders and fatigue in the first cycle after vaccination and pain disorders, menstrual headache and fatigue in the second cycle after vaccination. Bleeding frequency/regularity disorders were found to be more frequent in the non-endometriosis group in the first cycle after vaccination. Patients under hormonal treatment reported fewer changes in menstrual symptoms in the first and second cycle after vaccination compared with those not receiving this treatment. Similarly, patients in the endometriosis group receiving hormonal treatment reported fewer changes in menstrual-associated symptoms compared with those not following any hormonal treatment in the first and second menstrual cycle after the last vaccination.
Women with endometriosis immunized with mRNA-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccines did not perceive greater worsening or new menstrual-associated symptoms after complete COVID-19 vaccination compared with healthy controls. Hormonal treatment may have a protective effect against worsened or new menstrual symptoms induced by COVID-19 vaccination.
疫苗接种可能会对月经产生影响，而对于患有子宫内膜异位症等炎症性妇科疾病的女性，这种影响可能更为显著。
我们旨在研究 mRNA 基于的 SARS-CoV-2 疫苗对接种疫苗的子宫内膜异位症女性的月经周期相关症状的影响，并评估激素治疗对潜在 SARS-CoV-2 疫苗接种引起的月经变化的影响。
前瞻性招募了 848 名至少接种了两剂 mRNA 基于的 COVID-19 疫苗的女性：407 名患有子宫内膜异位症（子宫内膜异位症组）和 441 名健康对照（非子宫内膜异位症组）。
通过在线调查收集接种疫苗前后第一个和第二个周期的人口统计学、临床特征、激素治疗和与月经相关的症状数据。
在接种疫苗后的第一个和第二个周期，子宫内膜异位症组和非子宫内膜异位症组患者自我报告的与月经相关的变化比例相似（分别为 52.6%和 48.8%，分别为 29.0%和 28.1%）。尽管两组记录的总症状没有差异，但一些特定的症状在子宫内膜异位症组更为常见。这些症状是接种疫苗后的第一个周期中的疼痛障碍和疲劳，以及接种疫苗后的第二个周期中的疼痛障碍、月经性头痛和疲劳。在接种疫苗后的第一个周期中，非子宫内膜异位症组的出血频率/规律性障碍更为常见。与未接受激素治疗的患者相比，接受激素治疗的患者在接种疫苗后的第一个和第二个周期中报告的月经症状变化较少。同样，在接种疫苗后的第一个和第二个月经周期中，与未接受任何激素治疗的患者相比，子宫内膜异位症组中接受激素治疗的患者报告的与月经相关的症状变化较少。
与健康对照组相比，接种 mRNA 基于的 SARS-CoV-2 疫苗的子宫内膜异位症女性在完全接种 COVID-19 疫苗后并未感知到更大的恶化或新的与月经相关的症状。激素治疗可能对 COVID-19 疫苗接种引起的月经症状恶化或新症状具有保护作用。
