Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Ceuta, Spain.
Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Granada, Spain.
Womens Health (Lond). 2022 Jan-Dec;18:17455057221112237. doi: 10.1177/17455057221112237.
Menstrual disorders were not reported as a possible secondary effect in any of the clinical trials for the SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.
To describe the prevalence of perceived premenstrual and menstrual changes after COVID-19 vaccine administration.
Cross-sectional study.
A total of 14,153 women (mean age 31.5 ± 9.3 years old) who had received the full course of vaccination at least three months earlier were included in this cross-sectional study. Data including the type of vaccine administered, perceived changes in the amount and duration of menstrual bleeding, presence of clots, cycle length, and premenstrual symptoms were collected through a retrospective online survey from June to September 2021.
Of the women who participated in this study, 3136 reported no menstrual changes and 11,017 (78% of the study sample) reported experiencing menstrual cycle changes after vaccination. In summary, women who reported menstrual changes after vaccination were older (overall < 0.001) and slightly more smokers ( = 0.05) than women who did not report any changes. The most prevalent changes in relation to premenstrual symptoms were increased fatigue (43%), abdominal bloating (37%), irritability (29%), sadness (28%), and headaches (28%). The most predominant menstrual changes were more menstrual bleeding (43%), more menstrual pain (41%), delayed menstruation (38%), fewer days of menstrual bleeding (34.5%), and shorter cycle length (32%).
Women vaccinated against COVID-19 usually perceive mild menstrual and premenstrual changes. Future studies are warranted to clarify the physiological mechanisms behind these widely reported changes.
在所有针对 SARS-CoV-2 疫苗的临床试验中，均未报告月经紊乱是一种可能的次要作用。
描述接种 COVID-19 疫苗后经前期和月经变化的发生率。
横断面研究。
共纳入 14153 名女性（平均年龄 31.5±9.3 岁），她们至少在 3 个月前完成了全程疫苗接种。本横断面研究通过回顾性在线调查于 2021 年 6 月至 9 月收集了包括接种疫苗类型、经前期和经期出血量和持续时间变化、是否有血块、周期长度和经前期症状等数据。
在参加本研究的女性中，3136 名报告月经无变化，11017 名（研究样本的 78%）报告接种疫苗后出现月经周期变化。总体而言，报告接种疫苗后出现月经变化的女性年龄较大（均<0.001），略多吸烟者（=0.05）。与无变化的女性相比，接种疫苗后出现经前期症状变化的女性中，疲劳感增加（43%）、腹胀（37%）、易怒（29%）、悲伤（28%）和头痛（28%）更为常见。最常见的月经变化是月经量增加（43%）、经痛加重（41%）、月经推迟（38%）、经期天数减少（34.5%）和周期缩短（32%）。
接种 COVID-19 疫苗的女性通常会察觉到轻微的月经和经前期变化。未来有必要开展研究以阐明这些广泛报告的变化背后的生理机制。
