Kojima Narumi, Kim Miji, Saito Kyoko, Yoshida Yuko, Hirano Hirohiko, Obuchi Shuichi, Shimada Hiroyuki, Suzuki Takao, Iwasa Hajime, Kim Hunkyung
Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, College of Medicine, East-West Medical Research Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Womens Health Rep (New Rochelle). 2023 May 15;4(1):232-240. doi: 10.1089/whr.2022.0076. eCollection 2023.
Since soy isoflavones compensate for age-related estrogen reduction, adequate intake of soy products may prevent the decline in activities of daily living (ADL) due to estrogen reduction in women. However, it is unclear whether regular soy product intake prevents ADL decline. This study examined the effects of soy product consumption on basic/instrumental ADL (BADL/IADL) in Japanese women 75 years or older for 4 years.
The subject population consisted of 1289 women aged 75 years or older living in Tokyo who underwent private health examinations in 2008. For 1114 (or 1042) participants without baseline BADL (or IADL) disability, we examined the association between baseline soy product consumption frequency and the BADL (or IADL) disabilities 4 years later using logistic regression analyses. The models were adjusted for baseline age, or further for dietary variety for food groups other than soy products, exercise and sport participation, smoking, pre-existing disease number, and body mass index.
Regardless of adjustment for potential confounding factors, less frequent soy product consumption was associated with higher BADL or IADL disability incidence. In the fully adjusted models, the trend toward a higher incidence of disabilities with less frequent soy product consumption was statistically significant for both BADL ( = 0.001) and IADL ( = 0.007).
Those who consumed soy products more frequently at baseline were less likely to develop BADL and IADL disabilities after 4 years than those who did not. The results show that daily soy product consumption may prevent functional ADL decline in older Japanese women.
由于大豆异黄酮可弥补与年龄相关的雌激素减少，适量摄入豆制品可能预防女性因雌激素减少导致的日常生活活动能力（ADL）下降。然而，经常摄入豆制品是否能预防ADL下降尚不清楚。本研究对75岁及以上的日本女性进行了为期4年的随访，观察食用豆制品对其基本/工具性日常生活活动能力（BADL/IADL）的影响。
研究对象为2008年在东京接受私人健康检查的1289名75岁及以上女性。对于1114名（或1042名）基线时无BADL（或IADL）残疾的参与者，我们采用逻辑回归分析，研究基线时豆制品消费频率与4年后BADL（或IADL）残疾之间的关联。模型对基线年龄进行了调整，或进一步对豆制品以外的食物种类、运动参与情况、吸烟、既往疾病数量和体重指数进行了调整。
无论对潜在混杂因素进行何种调整，豆制品消费频率较低都与BADL或IADL残疾发生率较高相关。在完全调整模型中，豆制品消费频率较低导致残疾发生率较高的趋势在BADL（P = 0.001）和IADL（P = 0.007）方面均具有统计学意义。
与不经常食用豆制品的人相比，基线时更频繁食用豆制品的人在4年后发生BADL和IADL残疾的可能性较小。结果表明，日常食用豆制品可能预防老年日本女性功能性ADL下降。
