European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Grenoble, France.
Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Hub, Université Paris Cité, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
PLoS One. 2023 Jun 7;18(6):e0286811. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286811. eCollection 2023.
Success in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math) remains influenced by race, gender, and socioeconomic status. Here, we focus on the impact of gender on question-asking behavior during the 2021 JOBIM virtual conference (Journées Ouvertes en Biologie et Mathématiques). We gathered quantitative and qualitative data including : demographic information, question asking motivations, live observations and interviews of participants. Quantitative analyses include unprecedented figures such as the fraction of the audience identifying as LGBTQIA+ and an increased attendance of women in virtual conferences. Although parity was reached in the audience, women asked half as many questions as men. This under-representation persisted after accounting for seniority of the asker. Interviews of participants highlighted several barriers to oral expression encountered by women and gender minorities : negative reactions to their speech, discouragement to pursue a career in research, and gender discrimination/sexual harassment. Informed by the study, guidelines for conference organizers have been written. The story behind the making of this study has been highlighted in a Nature Career article.
在 STEM（科学、技术、工程和数学）领域，成功仍然受到种族、性别和社会经济地位的影响。在这里，我们专注于研究性别对 2021 年 JOBIM 虚拟会议（Journées Ouvertes en Biologie et Mathématiques）期间提问行为的影响。我们收集了定量和定性数据，包括：人口统计信息、提问动机、对参与者的现场观察和采访。定量分析包括前所未有的数据，如自认为是 LGBTQIA+的观众比例以及虚拟会议中女性出席人数的增加。尽管观众中实现了均等，但女性提出的问题数量仅为男性的一半。在考虑提问者的资历后，这种代表性不足仍然存在。对参与者的采访强调了女性和性别少数群体在口头表达方面遇到的几个障碍：对她们演讲的负面反应、对从事研究工作的劝阻以及性别歧视/性骚扰。根据这项研究，我们为会议组织者编写了指导方针。这项研究背后的故事在《自然职业》（Nature Career）的一篇文章中得到了强调。
