International PhD Program in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada - Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
Eur Respir Rev. 2023 Jun 7;32(168). doi: 10.1183/16000617.0019-2023. Print 2023 Jun 30.
Climate change's influence on extreme weather events poses a significant threat to the morbidity and mortality of asthma patients. The aim of this study was to examine associations between extreme weather events and asthma-related outcomes.
A systematic literature search for relevant studies was performed using the PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science and ProQuest databases. Fixed-effects and random-effects models were applied to estimate the effects of extreme weather events on asthma-related outcomes.
We observed that extreme weather events were associated with increasing risks of general asthma outcomes with relative risks of 1.18-fold for asthma events (95% CI 1.13-1.24), 1.10-fold for asthma symptoms (95% CI 1.03-1.18) and 1.09-fold for asthma diagnoses (95% CI 1.00-1.19). Extreme weather events were associated with increased risks of acute asthma exacerbation with risk ratios of asthma emergency department visits of 1.25-fold (95% CI 1.14-1.37), of asthma hospital admissions of 1.10-fold (95% CI 1.04-1.17), of asthma outpatient visits of 1.19-fold (95% CI 1.06-1.34) and of asthma mortality of 2.10-fold (95% CI 1.35-3.27). Additionally, an increase in extreme weather events increased risk ratios of asthma events by 1.19-fold in children and 1.29-fold in females (95% CI 1.08-1.32 and 95% CI 0.98-1.69, respectively). Thunderstorms increased the risk ratio of asthma events by 1.24-fold (95% CI 1.13-1.36).
Our study showed that extreme weather events more prominently increased the risk of asthma morbidity and mortality in children and females. Climate change is a critical concern for asthma control.
气候变化对极端天气事件的影响，对哮喘患者的发病率和死亡率构成了重大威胁。本研究旨在探讨极端天气事件与哮喘相关结局之间的关联。
使用 PubMed、EMBASE、Web of Science 和 ProQuest 数据库进行了相关研究的系统文献检索。采用固定效应和随机效应模型来估计极端天气事件对哮喘相关结局的影响。
我们发现，极端天气事件与一般哮喘结局的风险增加相关，哮喘事件的相对风险为 1.18 倍（95%CI 1.13-1.24），哮喘症状的相对风险为 1.10 倍（95%CI 1.03-1.18），哮喘诊断的相对风险为 1.09 倍（95%CI 1.00-1.19）。极端天气事件与急性哮喘恶化的风险增加相关，风险比为哮喘急诊就诊的 1.25 倍（95%CI 1.14-1.37），哮喘住院的 1.10 倍（95%CI 1.04-1.17），哮喘门诊就诊的 1.19 倍（95%CI 1.06-1.34），哮喘死亡的 2.10 倍（95%CI 1.35-3.27）。此外，极端天气事件的增加使儿童和女性的哮喘事件风险比分别增加了 1.19 倍和 1.29 倍（95%CI 1.08-1.32 和 95%CI 0.98-1.69）。雷暴天气使哮喘事件的风险比增加了 1.24 倍（95%CI 1.13-1.36）。
我们的研究表明，极端天气事件更显著地增加了儿童和女性哮喘发病率和死亡率的风险。气候变化是哮喘控制的一个关键关注点。
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