Ulich T R, Dakay E B, Williams J H, Ni R X
Am J Pathol. 1986 Jul;124(1):53-8.
Stable analogs of prostaglandins E1, E2, and F2 alpha (M-PGE1, DM-PGE2, and M-PGF2 alpha) were found to induce marked changes in circulating white blood cell subsets in Brown-Norway rats after subcutaneous injection. Dose-response studies demonstrated that 1000 micrograms/kg of each prostaglandin induced a maximum neutrophilia in the range of 40-70% of the total white blood cell count (normal, 5-20%) and that as little as 5 micrograms/kg of M-PGE1 induced a significant neutrophilia (P less than 0.05). Kinetic studies demonstrated that the maximum neutrophilia occurred 4-6 hours after injection of each prostaglandin and was not accompanied by the release of morphologically immature neutrophil forms from the bone marrow. Splenectomy slightly diminished the average neutrophilia at 2 hours but not at 4-6 hours after injection, which suggests that release of neutrophils from the spleen partially contributed to the early neutrophilia. Adherence experiments employing whole heparinized blood from rats given prostaglandins 6 hours prior to sacrifice demonstrated that neutrophils exposed to prostaglandins in vivo have diminished adherence to nylon wool columns, which suggests that diminished adherence of the marginated neutrophil pool may contribute to the neutrophilia. The prostaglandin-induced neutrophilia was accompanied not by a significant change in total numbers of circulating white blood cells, but, rather, by a significant decrease in circulating mononuclear white blood cells, including T-helper, T-suppressor, and B cells. The combination of neutrophilia with lymphopenia has classically been attributed to the release of adrenal hormones and suggests 1) that prostaglandins may directly or indirectly cause the release of adrenal hormones, or 2) that adrenal hormones may mediate their effects on circulating white blood cell subsets via prostaglandins, or 3) that prostaglandins activate intracellular messenger systems that are also activated by adrenal hormones.
前列腺素E1、E2和F2α的稳定类似物（M-PGE1、DM-PGE2和M-PGF2α）皮下注射后，可使棕色挪威大鼠外周血白细胞亚群发生显著变化。剂量反应研究表明，每千克体重注射1000微克各前列腺素可使中性粒细胞最多增加至白细胞总数的40%-70%（正常范围为5%-20%），而每千克体重注射低至5微克的M-PGE1即可引起显著的中性粒细胞增多（P<0.05）。动力学研究表明，注射各前列腺素后4-6小时中性粒细胞增多达到峰值，且骨髓中未出现形态学上不成熟的中性粒细胞释放。脾切除术后，注射后2小时的平均中性粒细胞增多略有减少，但4-6小时时未减少，这表明脾脏释放中性粒细胞是早期中性粒细胞增多的部分原因。对处死前6小时注射前列腺素的大鼠的全肝素化血液进行黏附实验表明，体内接触前列腺素的中性粒细胞对尼龙毛柱的黏附能力降低，这表明边缘池中性粒细胞黏附能力降低可能是中性粒细胞增多的原因。前列腺素诱导的中性粒细胞增多并未伴有循环白细胞总数的显著变化，而是伴有循环单核白细胞显著减少，包括辅助性T细胞、抑制性T细胞和B细胞。中性粒细胞增多与淋巴细胞减少的组合经典地归因于肾上腺激素的释放，提示：1）前列腺素可能直接或间接导致肾上腺激素释放；2）肾上腺激素可能通过前列腺素介导其对循环白细胞亚群的作用；3）前列腺素激活了也被肾上腺激素激活的细胞内信使系统。
