Rhine R J, Norton G W, Wynn G M, Wynn R D, Rhine H B
Am J Phys Anthropol. 1986 May;70(1):105-18. doi: 10.1002/ajpa.1330700115.
It has been suggested that baboon predation upon vertebrates may tend to peak in the dry season because insect food is then less available, and that males obtain animal nutrients primarily from vertebrates whereas other troop members obtain them primarily from invertebrates. The development of meat and insect eating by 22 male and 24 female infants studied for 25 months was compared with that of 18 male and 46 female adults studied for 37 months. Systematic sampling allowed quantitative comparisons between meat and insect eating, infants and adults, and males and females. Infants ate no meat, but their insect eating began early and increased steadily during the first year of life. In comparison with insect foods, meat was a minor ingredient of the adult's diet. Insect eating occurred less during dry than during rainy months, but meat eating was spread across the year. Reliable sex differences in insect eating did not occur. The findings were related to theories offered to explain the attractiveness of animal foods to primates and to the suggestion that a sex difference in predatory inclinations of hominid ancestors may have been a preadaptation underlying the eventual emergence of male hunting and female gathering.
有人认为，狒狒对脊椎动物的捕食活动可能在旱季达到高峰，因为那时昆虫食物较少，而且雄性主要从脊椎动物获取动物营养，而群体中的其他成员主要从无脊椎动物获取营养。对22只雄性和24只雌性幼崽进行了25个月的研究，比较了它们吃肉和吃昆虫行为的发展情况，同时对18只雄性和46只雌性成年狒狒进行了37个月的研究。系统抽样使得能够对吃肉和吃昆虫、幼崽和成年狒狒以及雄性和雌性之间进行定量比较。幼崽不吃肉，但它们吃昆虫的行为开始得很早，并且在生命的第一年稳步增加。与昆虫食物相比，肉在成年狒狒的饮食中是次要成分。吃昆虫的行为在旱季比雨季少，但吃肉行为全年都有。在吃昆虫方面没有出现可靠的性别差异。这些发现与用来解释动物食物对灵长类动物吸引力的理论以及人类祖先捕食倾向的性别差异可能是男性狩猎和女性采集最终出现的一种预适应这一观点有关。
