Wu Jia-Cong, Yu Xiao-Li, Ji Hui-Jing, Lou Hai-Qin, Gao Hong-Ju, Huang Guo-Qin, Zhu Xiao-Li
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nantong Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Nantong, China.
Department of Outpatient, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, Nantong, China.
Front Physiol. 2023 May 23;14:1165583. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1165583. eCollection 2023.
To investigate the incidence of pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD) and electrophysiological indicators in postpartum women at 6-8 weeks and explore the influence of demographic characteristics and obstetric factors. A survey questionnaire collected information about the conditions of women during their pregnancy and puerperal period and their demographic characteristics; pelvic organ prolapse quantitation (POP-Q) and pelvic floor muscle electrophysiology (EP) examination were conducted in postpartum women at 6-8 weeks. Vaginal delivery was a risk factor for anterior pelvic organ prolapse (POP) (OR 7.850, 95% confidence interval (CI) 5.804-10.617), posterior POP (OR 5.990, 95% CI 3.953-9.077), anterior and posterior stage II POP (OR 6.636, 95% CI 3.662-15.919), and postpartum urinary incontinence (UI) (OR 6.046, 95% CI 3.894-9.387); parity was a risk factor for anterior POP (OR 1.397,95% CI 0.889-2.198) and anterior and posterior stage II POP (OR 4.162, 95% CI 2.125-8.152); age was a risk factor for anterior POP (OR 1.056, 95% CI 1.007-1.108) and postpartum UI (OR 1.066, 95% CI 1.014-1.120); body mass index (BMI) was a risk factor for postpartum UI (OR 1.117, 95% CI 1.060-1.177); fetal birth weight was a risk factor for posterior POP (OR 1.465, 95% CI 1.041-2.062); and the frequency of pregnancy loss was a risk factor for apical POP (OR 1.853, 95% CI 1.060-3.237). Pelvic floor muscle EP is a sensitive index of early pelvic floor injury. The changes in muscle strength and fatigue degree coexist in different types of postpartum PFD, and each has its own characteristics.
调查产后6 - 8周妇女盆底功能障碍（PFD）的发生率及电生理指标，并探讨人口统计学特征和产科因素的影响。通过调查问卷收集妇女孕期和产褥期情况及人口统计学特征信息；对产后6 - 8周妇女进行盆腔器官脱垂定量（POP - Q）和盆底肌肉电生理（EP）检查。阴道分娩是前盆腔器官脱垂（POP）（比值比[OR] 7.850，95%置信区间[CI] 5.804 - 10.617）、后盆腔器官脱垂（OR 5.990，95% CI 3.953 - 9.077）、前后Ⅱ度POP（OR 6.636，95% CI 3.662 - 15.919）及产后尿失禁（UI）（OR 6.046，95% CI 3.894 - 9.387）的危险因素；产次是前盆腔器官脱垂（OR 1.397，95% CI 0.889 - 2.198）及前后Ⅱ度POP（OR 4.162，95% CI 2.125 - 8.152）的危险因素；年龄是前盆腔器官脱垂（OR 1.056，95% CI 1.007 - 1.108）及产后尿失禁（OR 1.066，95% CI 1.014 - 1.120）的危险因素；体重指数（BMI）是产后尿失禁的危险因素（OR 1.117，95% CI 1.060 - 1.177）；胎儿出生体重是后盆腔器官脱垂的危险因素（OR 1.465，95% CI 1.041 - 2.062）；流产次数是顶端盆腔器官脱垂的危险因素（OR 1.853，95% CI 1.060 - 3.237）。盆底肌肉电生理是早期盆底损伤的敏感指标。不同类型产后盆底功能障碍存在肌力和疲劳度的变化，且各有特点。
