Luykx Jurjen J, Vinkers Christiaan H, Tijdink Joeri K
Maastrichts Universitair Medisch Centrum, afd. Psychiatrie, Maastricht.
Amsterdam UMC, afd. Psychiatrie en afd. Anatomie en Neurowetenschappen, Amsterdam.
Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 2023 May 31;167:D7410.
Climate change may bring about anxiety, which may be referred to as eco-anxiety. Commonly accepted conceptual or diagnostic criteria for eco-anxiety are currently lacking. Here, we briefly summarize the current literature on climate change and mental illness. We suggest dividing the concept of eco-anxiety into adaptive eco-anxiety and an anxiety disorder where climate change plays a major role. This distinction may be helpful in clinical practice to discern relatively common and potentially healthy eco-anxiety from a disorder causing impairment in daily functioning. Benefits of adaptive eco-anxiety include the development of active coping strategies (increasing resilience) as well as behavioural changes to mitigate climate change. When debilitating anxiety comes with avoidance and centers around climate change, a specific phobia called eco-anxiety disorder may be considered. Importantly, as validated diagnostic criteria for this disorder are currently lacking, further conceptualization is highly needed. Future clinical research may help fill these current knowledge gaps.
气候变化可能引发焦虑，这种焦虑可能被称为生态焦虑。目前缺乏被广泛接受的生态焦虑概念或诊断标准。在此，我们简要总结了当前关于气候变化与精神疾病的文献。我们建议将生态焦虑的概念分为适应性生态焦虑和气候变化在其中起主要作用的焦虑症。这种区分在临床实践中可能有助于辨别相对常见且可能有益健康的生态焦虑与导致日常功能受损的疾病。适应性生态焦虑的益处包括制定积极的应对策略（增强恢复力）以及为缓解气候变化而做出行为改变。当衰弱性焦虑伴有回避行为且围绕气候变化时，可能会考虑一种名为生态焦虑症的特定恐惧症。重要的是，由于目前缺乏该疾病的有效诊断标准，因此迫切需要进一步进行概念化。未来的临床研究可能有助于填补这些当前的知识空白。
